大学生解决物理问题时的认知诊断——以牛顿力学为例  

Cognitive Diagnosis of College Students Solving Physics Problems——Take Newton's Mechanics for Example

作　　者：张轶炳[1] 朱巧萍[1] 王芳芳[1] 霍杰[1] 郝睿[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学物理电气信息学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《宁夏大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第1期92-96,共5页Journal of Ningxia University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：宁夏高等学校科学研究项目(NGY2013044)

摘　　要：诊断学生解决物理问题时的认知错误可以帮助教师和学生进行有的放矢的教与学.建立了力学概念清单(FCI)的属性-项目矩阵,并通过统计样本每个属性的得分情况来详细诊断学生对牛顿力学的认知错误.结果表明,二维运动合成、速度加速度定义式及牛顿第二定律应用等知识属性得分率不足60%.由此说明许多大一学生对看似简单的力学基本知识属性的掌握并不牢靠.When students＇ cognitive mistakes of solving physics problems are diagnosed,it can help teachers to teach and students to learn with target.That,the attributes-items matrix of force concept inventory（FCI）is established and every student＇s score of attributes is counted,is an effective method to diagnose students＇ cognitive errors about Newton mechanics.Analysis results find that scoring average of five knowledge attribute such as composition of two-dimensional motion,definition of speed and acceleration,and the application of Newton＇s second law is less than 60%.This proves that many freshmen haven＇t mastered those basic and seemingly simple mechanics knowledge.

关 键 词：牛顿力学 认知诊断 属性项目Q矩阵 FCI 

分 类 号：G623[文化科学—教育学]