上海地区儿童乳牙列错牙合畸形流行病学调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of malocclusion in primary dentition of Shanghai

作　　者：冯靳秋 米君国[2] 陈骊 

机构地区：[1]上海市口腔病防治院预防儿童科,上海200001 [2]同济大学附属同济医院口腔科,上海200065

出　　处：《口腔医学》2015年第2期141-144,共4页Stomatology

基　　金：上海市卫生局面上项目(20114158);上海申康医院发展中心项目(SHDC12014226)

摘　　要：目的了解上海地区儿童乳牙列错（牙合）畸形流行情况，为儿童口腔卫生保健措施的制定提供理论依据。方法按照分层随机抽样的原则抽取上海市10个区20所幼儿园的2744名3～6岁乳牙列儿童，对乳牙骀发育情况进行检查。结果上海地区儿童乳牙（牙合）错（牙合）畸形患病率高达69．64％，男女无统计学差异；各类错黯畸形患病率排序依次为：深覆黯最高为55．39％，其次是深覆盖24．31％、牙列拥挤21．25％、反骀12．03％和开（牙合）7．22％，其中35％的受检者同时患有两种及以上的错黯畸形。结论上海地区乳牙（牙合）错黯畸形无论是患病率还是临床类型排序较以往调查结果都发生了明显变化，需制定相应的预防保健措施，预防其发生、发展，提高儿童口腔健康水平。Objective To investigate and analyze the prevalence of malocclusion among children in primary dentition in the area of Shanghai and to provide theoretical basis for the establishment of children＇s oral health care measures. Methods The investigation of occlusion in primary dentition on 2 744 cases of children aged 3 -6 in Shanghai was carried out by pediatric specialists. Results The prevalence of malocclusion in primary dentition in Shanghai was 69.64% , and no significant difference was found in gender. All types of malocclusion symptoms were analyzed. Deep overbite prevalence rate was the highest（55.39% ） , followed by deep overjet（ 24.31% ） , dental crowding（21.25% ） ,cross-bite（ 12.03% ） and open-bite（7.22% ）. 35 percent of the patients had more than two kinds of mal- occlusion. Conclusions The prevalence of malocclusion in primary dentition and types of malocclusion symptoms in the area of Shang- hai have obviously changed compared with before. A series of corresponding preventive measures need to be formulated to prevent the occurrence and development of malocclusion in primary dentition.

关 键 词：乳牙列 错（牙合）畸形 流行病学 患病率 

分 类 号：R780.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]