体外肝细胞培养及在药物筛选中的应用  

In vitro Hepatocyte Culture and Application for Drug Screening

作　　者：罗南书[1] 罗南英 

机构地区：[1]吉首大学生物资源与环境科学学院,湖南吉首416000 [2]重庆市九龙坡区第三人民医院,重庆400080

出　　处：《中国生物医学工程学报》2015年第1期91-98,共8页Chinese Journal of Biomedical Engineering

摘　　要：肝脏是人体内最复杂的器官之一,负责执行多种功能,是药物毒性检测的重要靶器官。体外培养肝细胞是进行药物毒性检测的重要途径。传统的体外培养主要是让细胞在不同成分的培养基中生长,或将细胞接种于主要由体内ECM成分如胶原或基质胶组成的基底上成层生长,但易快速丧失肝特异性功能。为解决此问题,学者们研究设计了多种能更好地模拟肝脏体内微环境特征的精加工技术,以进行肝脏细胞的体外培养。在三维支架上培养肝细胞,如球状聚集体和细胞片层,可促进细胞-细胞以及细胞-基质间的相互作用和肝细胞分化,维持肝细胞特异性功能,并形成类似体内的结构。最近,脱细胞基质已被用作支持理想的细胞-基质相互作用的细胞培养支架。本文就体外二维和应用球状聚集体、细胞片层、脱细胞基质进行三维培养肝细胞的具体技术进行了综述,并简要介绍其在药物筛选中的应用。The liver is one of the most complex organs in the body, performs a multitude of functions, and is the important target organ for drug toxicity testing. To establish in vitro hepatic models is important ways for drug toxicity testing. Conventionally, in vitro cell culture has involved growing cells in different media compositions or layering them on matrices largely composed of natural ECM components such as collagen or matrigel. However the hepatic function is likely to be decreased or lost. Kinds of more sophisticated techniques applied in hepatocyte culture are being derived that have better capture distinct features of the liver in the in vivo microenvironmcnt. Three-dimensional （3D） cultures of liver cells in 3D scaffolds, as spheroids or cell sheets, allow for a high degree of cell-cell and cell-matrix interaction, differentiation, better liver function and an in vivo-like architecture. More recently, decellularized matrices have been used as scaffolds that support ideal cell-matrix interactions. In this review, we discussed the various configurations including 2D and 3D as spheroids, cell sheets and decellularized matriees that have been implemented in the in vitro culture of liver cells and their application in tools for drug screening.

关 键 词：体外肝脏模型 细胞培养 药物毒性检测 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]