一株贫营养异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌的筛选及脱氮特性  

Screening and Nitrogen Removal Characteristics of A heterotrophic Nitrification-aerobic Denitrification Strain

作　　者：黄廷林[1] 张丽娜[1] 张海涵[1] 苏俊峰[1] 郭琳[1] 赵金亚 张凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2015年第1期113-120,共8页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAC04B02);国家自然科学基金项目(51208413)

摘　　要：为了探究并优化菌剂应用于微污染水源水体修复的机制和条件,主要针对水库沉积物内筛选出的贫营养好氧反硝化菌进行了菌种鉴定及脱氮特性研究,考察菌株在不同环境条件下的脱氮效果,明确了该菌株的最适宜生长条件,并基于水库水体中贫营养条件对菌株进行水源水库原水的驯化培养试验研究,以期实现该菌株对微污染水源水库原水中氮源污染物的脱除,为原位投菌技术实际工程应用提供理论依据。从微污染水源水库沉积物中驯化筛分出一株高效异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌A14,通过扫描电镜观察、生理生化特征、16S r RNA基因测序和Biolog GenⅢ鉴定,确定该菌株为革兰氏阴性短杆菌,鉴定为皮特不动杆菌(Acinetobacter pittii)。在好氧条件下,菌株细胞内表达反硝化功能基因nap A,以NO3-为唯一氮源进行反硝化作用时,36 h时NO3-去除率为78.89%。以NH4+为唯一氮源时,48 h NH4+去除率为95.25%,TN去除率达80.42%,TOC去除率达98.30%,表明该菌株具有异养硝化-好氧反硝化特性。在改变环境条件过程中,该菌株在以乙酸钠为碳源,温度为30℃,C/N为12,p H为7,接种量为10%时,NO3-去除率最高为86.62%,并且在10℃下脱氮率达到40.18%。在水源水库原水脱氮实验中,接种处理TN去除率为50.95%,NO3-去除率为80.25%。结果表明,菌株A14在微污染水源水体菌剂脱氮修复中具有良好的应用潜力。To investigate the feasibility that the strain can used to treat micro-polluted water, the research is mainly about the identification and the denitrification characteristics of the aerobic-denitrification strain that was isolated from sediment in water reservoir and the effects of nitrogen removal under different environmental factors. The optimal conditions of the strain can be determined. Through the method of cultivation and acclimatization to make the strain adapt to the oligotrophic condition and make effects on nitrogen removal, which all prove a theoretical basis for the practical application of onsite biological treatment in the future. A high efficient heterotrophic nitrification-denitrification aerobic bacteria（A14） was isolated from sediment in water reservoir. Based on its microscopic observation, biochemical/morphological characteristics, its 16 S r RNA sequence homologic analysis and Biolog GenⅢ identification, this strain was a gram-negative bacillus and was identified as Acinetobacter pittii. The efficient nitrogen removal in 36 hours can be 78.89% when nitrogen as the nitrogen source and the strain＇s partial nap A functional gene was cloned. When ammonia as the nitrogen source, TN removal rate can be 80.42%, ammonia removal rate can be 95.25%, TOC removal rate can be 98.3%. The highest nitrite removal rate reaches 86.62% when carbon resource is Na Ac, temperature=30 ℃, C/N=12, p H=7, inoculating ratio is 10%. In addition, the nitrite removal rate can reach 40.18% under 10 ℃. When the strain is cultivated and acclimated in reservoir raw water, TN removal can be 50.95%, the nitrogen removal can be 80.25%. It is therefore demonstrated that the strain A14 can be used to treat micro polluted water.

关 键 词：异养硝化 好氧反硝化 微污染水源水 功能基因 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]