超高正加速度重复持续性暴露加重对大鼠肝细胞超微结构的损伤  

Repeated and sustained ultra-high +Gz exposure increase the injury of ultrastructure of rat liver cell

作　　者：胡深[1] 张洪义[1] 李新慧[2] 汪鑫[2] 邹玉峰[3] 赵二鹏[3] 刘洋[2] 

机构地区：[1]解放军空军总医院肝胆外科,北京100142 [2]安徽医科大学空军临床学院,安徽合肥230023 [3]大连医科大学空军临床学院,辽宁大连116044

出　　处：《中国医刊》2015年第2期45-49,共5页Chinese Journal of Medicine

基　　金：科技部国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAI15B08);全军医学科技"十二五"科研项目面上项目(CKJ12J022)

摘　　要：目的研究不同正加速度(positive Gz,+Gz)重复持续性暴露后对大鼠肝细胞超微结构的影响。方法雄性Wistar大鼠24只,按空白对照、+6Gz、+9Gz、+12Gz随机分组,每组6只,峰值作用时间3分钟,加速度增长率0.5G/s,间隔30分钟,重复间断连续5次。采用透射电镜观察大鼠肝细胞的超微结构变化。结果空白对照组肝细胞的细胞核规则、胞质染色均匀、线粒体和内质网膜结构完整、清晰;与对空白照组相比,+6Gz组肝细胞显微结构轻度损伤,仅表现为细胞核轻度肿大,胞质染色轻度深染,核膜出现皱缩,核仁、线粒体和内质网结构未见明显改变;+9Gz组肝细胞出现中度损伤,肝细胞整体结构出现细胞膜缺损,肝细胞核肿大,核染色质聚集形成团块状,染色质边集,核膜皱缩,有少量凋亡小体形成;线粒体出现肿胀,嵴排列紊乱,间隙增大,但结构未发现断裂;内质网轻度膨松、扩张;+12Gz组肝细胞超微结构显示重度损伤,主要表现为肝细胞核肿大严重,核仁小而少,染色质聚集形成团块状,染色质边集增多,核膜皱缩,形成大量凋亡小体;胞质基质染色加深,同时胞质膨出,线粒体、内质网、溶酶体分散紊乱;线粒体肿胀,线粒体膜破裂,线粒体基质电子密度降低,线粒体嵴减少、断裂及消失,趋向崩解或自溶;内质网扩张严重,伴有松解或消失,出现中等电子密度絮状物,小管裂解为小泡或扩大为大泡状。结论超高+Gz暴露可造成大鼠肝细胞超微结构严重损伤,从肝细胞亚细胞器的变化可知肝细胞受到明显的损伤。这要求在超高+Gz飞行环境下,对飞行员的肝脏保护需要更多的关注和研究。Objective To investigate the impact of ultrastructure of rat liver cells after different repeat and sustained ＋ Gz exposure. Method Total of 24 healthy adult male wistar rats was randomly assigned to four groups ： blank control group, ＋6Gz group, ＋9Gz group and ＋12Gz group. The test of animals centrifuges was carried out in air force institute of aviation medicine. He onset rate was ＋0.5Gz/s ,which was used trapezoidal acceleration curve effect and controlled by computer. Blank control group rats were not exposed to acceleration, ＋6Gz group, ＋gGz group and ＋12Gz group were subjected at peak time 3min in animal centrifuge, acceleration rate 0.5G/s, five times with interval 30min between times. Uhrastruetural changes of liver cells of rats were observed by transmission electron microscopy. Result Cell nuclei, cytoplasm, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum were complete structure and clear in the control group. Compared with the control group, ＋6Gz group microstructure of liver cells was mild damage, showing only mild nuclear swelling, mild stained cytoplasm, and nuclear shrinkage. It was no abnormal nucleolus, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum structure;moderate damage of liver cells in ＋9Gz group was appeared. There were the cell membrane defect of the overall structure, hepatocyte nuclear enlargement, nuclear chromatin aggregating to form lumps, chromatin margination, nuclear shrinkage, and a small amount of apoptotic bodies ; mitochondrial was swelled and its cristae was subjected to derange. Though the gap was increasing,the structure was not found to be broken;endoplasmic reticulum was mild expansion; hepatocyte ultrastructure in ＋ 12Gz group was severely injury. There were severely swelling liver nuclei, nucleoli small and little lumps coming together to form chromatin. Chromatin margination increasing, nuclear shrinkage, and the formation of large apoptotic bodies can be found ; matrix of cytoplasmic staining was deepened. Mito-chondria,endoplasmic reticulum, and lysosomes dis

关 键 词：加速度 电镜 肝损伤 超微结构 

分 类 号：R363[医药卫生—病理学]