无人机遥感在红树林资源调查中的应用  

Application of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles to Mangrove Resources Monitoring

作　　者：冯家莉 刘凯[1] 朱远辉[1] 李勇[2] 柳林[1,3] 蒙琳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学地理科学与规划学院/广东省城市化与地理环境空间模拟重点实验室,广州510275 [2]广州地理研究所/广东省地理空间信息技术与应用公共实验室,广州510070 [3]辛辛那提大学地理系,辛辛那提45221-0131

出　　处：《热带地理》2015年第1期35-42,共8页Tropical Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41001291);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(13lgpy61);广东省科技计划项目(2011B020313001)

摘　　要：低空无人机(UAV,Unmanned Aerial Vehicles)遥感系统具有数据采集灵活、低成本且可快速获取超高分辨率影像的特色,是传统航空遥感和卫星遥感的重要补充。以广东省和广西壮族自治区交界处的英罗港港湾两侧为研究区域,将无人机遥感系统用于红树林资源的遥感调查,通过无人机航拍获取高分辨率影像,并且使用拼接的影像和目视解译方法提取红树林空间分布信息,进一步选择典型研究样地,采用面向对象的最近邻分类方法对红树林树种类型进行分类研究,并对比综述了无人机遥感和常规航空航天遥感技术对红树林资源调查监测的优缺点,无人机遥感系统非常适用于红树林资源调查。通过2 h 30 min的3架次无人机航飞工作,获取了研究区域25.29 km2的无人机影像,基于无人机影像和面向对象遥感分类方法提取的红树林空间分布信息精度超过了90%。未来无人机遥感系统将可成为调查和监测红树林资源的重要技术手段,可为相关管理部门对红树林资源的保护、管理、开发等方面的工作提供基础信息和技术支持。The emerging unmanned aerial vehicle（UAV） remote sensing is an important supplement to traditional aerial and satellite remote sensing due to its flexible, fast and cost-effective capability for acquiring very high spatial resolution imagery. In this study, we explored the application of UAV to monitoring mangrove forests. The study area is located in the Yingluo Bay, on the borders between Guangdong and Guangxi Provinces. Using the UAV, we collected aerial photos of the coastal zones of Yingluo Bay, covering an area of 25.29 km2 with three flight missions totaling 2.5 hours. The high-resolution aerial images were first mosaicked and then used for interpretation and classification of mangrove forests. A typical sample plot of the study area was selected to conduct classification of mangrove species using object-oriented classification method with the nearest neighbor classifier. The classification accuracy of visual interpretation of mangrove forests extraction and that of object-oriented nearest neighbor analysis for mangrove species classification were both higher than 90%. We also compared our approach to conventional technology of aerial and satellite remote sensing for monitoring mangrove wetlands. Results suggested that UAV would be a good choice for mangrove research. It is promised that UAV would become a popular and useful tool for researchers and government agencies to contribute to mangrove reservation and management.

关 键 词：无人机遥感 红树林 英罗港 面向对象分类 

分 类 号：P23[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感] P966[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]