蒙汉族大学生父母养育方式、成人依恋与心理困扰的关系研究  

The Relationships among Parenting Styles, Adult Attachment, and Psychological Distress of Mongolian and Han College Students

作　　者：李笑燃[1] 段兴华[2] 王佳智 吴彩霞[2] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学教育科学学院,呼和浩特010022 [2]内蒙古农业大学马克思主义学院,呼和浩特010019 [3]美国北德克萨斯大学心理学系

出　　处：《心理科学》2015年第2期361-365,共5页Journal of Psychological Science

摘　　要：通过问卷法对576名大学生进行测试,分别考察父母养育方式的蒙汉族差异以及成人依恋模式在父母养育方式和心理困扰间的中介作用。结果表明:(1)蒙古族父母给子女的关爱和自主性都显著高于汉族;(2)汉族的成人依恋模式在父母过度保护与心理困扰之间起着部分中介作用,蒙古族成人依恋的中介作用不明显,但母亲冷漠拒绝和过度保护可以预测个体的依恋回避和依恋焦虑,父母亲的冷漠拒绝和过度保护可以预测个体的心理困扰。The attachment perspective has been widely used as a framework in understanding individual differences in psychosocial functioning. Although the influence of adult attachment on one＇s mental health has been well documented in literature with support mostly based on Western samples, researchers have cautioned that empirical validation is needed before applying the theory to people with different cultural backgrounds. This study examined the relationships between parenting styles, adult attachment variables, and psychological distress using a college student sample that included both Mongolian and Han descendants. It was hypothesized that there would be significant ethnic group differences in parenting styles and adult attachment variables. Both attachment avoidance and anxiety would be negatively associated with perceived parental care and autonomy. Both attachment avoidance and anxiety would be positively associated with depression, stress, and anxiety. Adult attachment would mediate the relationship between parenting style and mental health variables. In addition, a mediation model simultaneously considering the effects of parenting styles and adult attachment on psychological adjustment would be supported by the data. Participants included 576 college students recruited from four Inner Mongolian universities who volunteered to complete a research questionnaire. Among them, there were 244 males and 332 females with a mean age of 20.58 （SD=1.48）. There were 299 Mongolian,growing up in native Mongolian families and speak both Chinese and Mongolian,and 254 Han participants. The instruments used in this study include the Experience in Close Relationship Scale, which measured adult attachment （including attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety）, the Parental Bonding Inventory, which assessed parenting style and yielded separate scores for the father and the mother, and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale （DASS）, which measured psychological distress. The findings from this study revealed that

关 键 词：父母养育方式 成人依恋 心理困扰 中介作用 蒙汉族 

分 类 号：G444[哲学宗教—心理学] G78[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]