儿童数字线表征的发展——心理长度的影响  

Development of Children's Number Line Estimation:the Influence of Mental Distance

作　　者：张帆[1] 赖颖慧[1] 陈英和[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学发展心理研究所,北京100875

出　　处：《心理发展与教育》2015年第2期149-156,共8页Psychological Development and Education

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31271106);2014年度国家社科基金重大项目(14ZDB160)

摘　　要：探讨儿童在数字线估计任务中心理长度的发展及其对数量表征模式的影响。选取7-9岁儿童共109名进行数字线估计任务测试,设置了10cm和20cm两种长度条件,要求儿童完成根据位置判断数字任务（position to number,PN任务）。结果表明儿童在数字线PN任务中存在心理长度,且7岁儿童心理长度的范围超过10,随着儿童年龄的增长,他们的心理长度范围不断缩小;心理长度范围影响儿童的表征模式,随着心理长度范围的缩小,儿童的数字线表征出现从指数模式到线性模式的变化趋势;与表征模式的发展趋势一致,儿童估计的精确性随年龄增长逐渐提高。A total of 109 7-to 9-year-old children were selected to take the number line estimation task. The aim was to test how their mental distance,numerical representations,and accuracy of estimation developed with age.The results showed the following： Mental distance did exist among 7- to 9-year-old children,and the range of mental distance might exceed 10 for 7-year-old children and gradually disappeared between 7- to 9-year-old;Influenced by mental distance,children＇s number line representational models changed from exponential to linear;In accordance with the change of representational models,the accuracy of estimation improved with development.

关 键 词：数字线估计 心理长度 数量表征 儿童 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]