长江四大家鱼产卵场地形及其自然繁殖水动力条件研究综述  

A summary of topographical characteristics of the four major Chinese carps' spawning grounds and hydrodynamic conditions for natural propagation in the Yangtze River

作　　者：柏海霞[1] 彭期冬[1] 李翀[2] 任杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038 [2]中国长江三峡集团公司,北京100038

出　　处：《中国水利水电科学研究院学报》2014年第3期249-257,共9页Journal of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑课题(2013BAB06B03);国家自然科学基金(51379218)

摘　　要："四大家鱼"是我国的主要经济鱼类,而长江是我国四大家鱼优质种质资源重要的产地。目前长江四大家鱼产卵量和种群质量都在下降。资源下降的原因较多,包括自然原因和人为原因,从而导致鱼类栖息环境遭到破坏。影响四大家鱼产卵的主要因素是亲鱼数量、水温、涨水条件和产卵场等。而对产卵场特定的地形和水动力条件的需求是四大家鱼产卵的重要特征,也是四大家鱼自然繁殖生态水力学研究的方向和重点。本文根据目前国内外研究成果,对家鱼产卵场地形特性和水动力特性进行了较为全面的梳理,总结归纳了四大家鱼产卵场地形及其自然繁殖的水动力条件。这些工作可为相关研究提供参考,也可为后续四大家鱼产卵场的生态修复工作提供理论依据和技术支持。The Four Major Chinese Carps （FMCC） are the main economy fishes in China, and the Yangtze River is an important place with high-quality germplasm resources of the FMCC. However, the spawn- ing amount and the population quality of the FMCC in the Yangtze River are in decline currently. There are many reasons to explain it, including natural and human impacts that lead to the habitat impairment. Broodstock number, water temperature, rising water and spawning grounds are major factors affecting spawning. Specific topographieal and hydrodynamic conditions in spawning ground are not only important character- istics of spawning grounds, but also the direction and focus of eeo-hydraulics for the FMCC＇s natural prop- agation. According to the current study, this paper gives a comprehensive analysis of the topographical and hydrodynamic characteristics of the FMCC＇s spawning grounds, and summarizes the topographieal and hydro- dynamic conditions for natural propagation. This work can provide an important reference to relevant research, and give theoretical basis and technical support for eeological restoration of the spawning grounds as well.

关 键 词：四大家鱼 产卵场 自然繁殖 地形 水动力条件 

分 类 号：X174[环境科学与工程—环境科学]