某医学院校大学生肥胖认知和减肥行为分析  

Perception of obesity and weight reduction behaviors among undergraduates

作　　者：王小雅[1] 祁巧茹[1] 卢晓翠[2] 孙素霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学公共卫生与热带医学学院营养与食品卫生系,广东广州510515 [2]南方医科大学公共卫生与热带医学学院预防医学实验教学中心

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2015年第1期54-56,60,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金资助项目(S2012010009467)

摘　　要：目的了解医科大学不同专业和不同性别大学生的肥胖认知和减肥行为现状,为改善大学生健康情况、纠正不合理减肥行为提供理论依据。方法采用整群随机抽样方法,抽取某医科大学一-五年级不同专业学生850名,进行问卷调查。结果 850名学生中,超重和肥胖的检出率分别为5.3%和0.7%。在肥胖认知现状上,男生自评体型正确率为71.5%,高于女生（62.2%）;医学生自评体型正确率为69.1%,高于非医学生（56.7%）,差异均有统计学意义（χ2值分别为6.594,12.802,P值均〈0.05）。在减肥行为现状中,21.8%的学生曾经减肥,10.1%的学生正在减肥,女生对减肥行为的积极性高于男生（P值均〈0.05）。对现有盲目减肥行为的被试进行多因素Logistic回归分析,发现性别、自评体型、家庭居住地与现有盲目减肥行为之间关联均有统计学意义（P值均〈0.05）。结论大学生盲目减肥行为较为严重,尤其是女性及非医学相关专业学生。应对大学生进行必要的宣传教育,使其正确认识自身体型,选择合理的减肥行为。Objective To comprehend the current status of obesity perception and weight reduction behaviors among undergraduates,and to provide theoretical foundation for health education and intervention among undergraduates.Methods By using cluster sampling method,850 undergraduates enrolled in the year of 2008-2012 were selected and investigated with questionnaire survey.Results Within 850 students,the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 5.3% and 0.7% respectively.Proportion of positive body image was higher among male students（71.5%） and medical major students（69.1%） than female（62.2%） and non-medical students（57.6%）.About 21.8% students had reduced their weight and 10.1% was reducing their weight at that time.Girls had more enthusiasm in weight reduction behavior comparing with boys.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used on70 undergraduates who had irrational weight reduction behavior at present.Results suggested gender,body image and residence were significantly associated with irrational weight reduction behavior.Conclusion Irrational weight reduction behavior is common among undergraduates,especially among female and non-medical students.It is imperative to initiate health education and intervention to cultivate better perception of obesity and weight control behaviors.

关 键 词：肥胖症 认知 危险行为 学生 医科 

分 类 号：G479[文化科学—教育学] R151.1[文化科学—教育技术学]