湖北省2004—2013年学校突发公共卫生事件流行病学分析  

Characteristics of public health emergencies at schools in Hubei Province,2004-2013

作　　者：黄淑琼[1] 张鹏[1] 洪希成[1] 钟晨晖[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省疾病预防控制中心信息所,武汉430079

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2015年第1期113-115,118,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的分析网络直报10 a来湖北省学校突发公共卫生事件的流行特征,为制定相关预防控制措施提供依据。方法对2004—2013年湖北省报告的学校突发公共卫生事件,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2004—2013年湖北省报告达到国家《突发公共卫生事件应急预案》规定的一般级别以上学校突发事件717起,无重大事件和特别重大事件,较大级别事件6起(0.84%),一般级别事件711起(99.16%)。事件类别以呼吸道传染病事件为主,共620起,占86.47%,病种以水痘、流行性腮腺炎、流行性感冒为主,占突发事件总起数的72.24%;其次是肠道传染病事件,共62起,占8.65%。肠道传染病以手足口病和细菌性痢疾为主,占68.25%。每年3—6月和9—12月是突发事件的高发期,发生事件起数分别占全年报告事件总起数的56.90%和36.40%。小学是学校突发公共卫生事件高发场所,占60.25%。结论学校是突发公共卫生事件的高发场所,以农村小学居多,应引起教育和卫生部门的重视,积极采取切实的防控措施和对策。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies at schools in Hubei province,from 2004 to 2013.Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the incidence data of public health emergencies at schools in Hubei province during this period.Results Totally 711 public health emergencies at schools of grade IV were reported,and 6 of gradeⅢ（0.84%）,711 of grade Ⅱ（99.16%）.Outbreaks of respiratory communicable diseases,including chickenpox,mumps and influenza accounted for 72.24% of the total events.Which was followed by enteric infectious disease（62,8.65%）.Among enteric infectious disease were mainly Hand foot and mouth disease,bacterial dysentery（68.25%）.Public health emergencies mainly occurred during March-June and September-December,emergencies happened during these period accounted for56.90% and 36.40% of all emergencies,respectively.Primary schools were the major place where the outbreaks occurred（60.25%）.Public health emergencies mainly occurred during March-June and September-December.Primary schools were the major place where the outbreaks occurred（60.25%）.Conclusion Public health emergencies occurred frequently in the primary schools in Hubei,especially in rural areas.It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control measures in schools.

关 键 词：公共卫生 生活变动事件 流行病学研究 学生保健服务 

分 类 号：G478[文化科学—教育学] R181.37[文化科学—教育技术学]