上海市某区妇女乳腺癌危险因素的病例对照研究  

Case-Control Study for Risk Factors of Breast Cancer in Women Living in a District of Shanghai

作　　者：吕姝[1] 茅婕 罗婷[1] 吴擢春[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院,公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室,上海200032

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2015年第3期36-38,共3页Chinese Primary Health Care

摘　　要：目的探讨上海市某区女性乳腺癌发病的危险因素,为建立有效的预防及控制措施提供依据。方法在上海市某区随机抽取1家三甲医院,通过简单随机抽样的方法选取2013年3—6月确诊的95例乳腺癌患者,按1∶3比例进行病例对照试验设计,并综合运用单因素与多因素Logistic回归进行乳腺癌危险因素分析。结果单因素分析表明,主要危险因素为被动吸烟、乳腺良性疾病史、BMI≥24 kg/m2、绝经、初产年龄和精神创伤,而豆制品(≥3次/周)、大蒜类(≥3次/周)、生育史、哺乳史和生育子女数则为保护因素;多因素分析表明,主要危险因素有BMI≥24 kg/m2、绝经、乳腺良性疾病史、初产年龄和精神创伤,而仅大蒜类为保护因素。结论乳腺癌发病是生理因素、心理因素和社会行为因素综合作用的结果,要有效地控制乳腺癌,应针对不同类别的患者进行差异化防控。OBJECTIVE To explore the risk factors of breast cancer in women living in Shanghai in order to provide basis for conducting proper prevention and control interventions. METHODS A Tior 3 hospital was randomly chosen and a case-control study（1 ： 3 matched） was performed in 95 cases that were histopat hologieally confirmed to be incident breast cancer from March to June, 2014. Unconditional logistic regression was used to analyze the significant risk factors. RESULT Factors such as passive smoking, history of benign breast disease（BBD） biopsy, BMI≥24 kg/m2, menopause, age at first live birth, psychological trauma, soybean food intake（at least three times per week）, garlic intake（at least three times per week）, ever had a live birth and number of live births were associated with breast cancer risk in one-way variance model. Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of breast cancer would include BMI≥24 kg/m：, menopause, history of benign breast disease（BBD） biopsy, age at first live birth and psychological trauma, and only the garlic intake was the protective factor. CONCLUSION Breast cancer is caused by physiological factors, psychological factors as well as social and behavioral factors. To effectively control breast cancer, targeted de- fensive measures should be aimed at different patients.

关 键 词：乳腺癌 危险因素 病例对照研究 

分 类 号：R737.9[医药卫生—肿瘤]