氮在河北平原包气带中的迁移转化机制  

Migration and transformation regularity of nitrogen in vadose zone in Hebei plain

作　　者：高太忠[1] 付海燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院、河北省污染防治生物技术重点实验室,石家庄050018

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2015年第1期217-221,共5页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41373096);中国地质大学生物地质与环境地质教育部重点实验室开放基金项目(BGEG1005);河北省污染防治生物技术重点实验室基金项目(2012015)

摘　　要：为揭示氮在土壤包气带中的迁移转化规律并确定其数学模型,通过室内土柱淋滤试验研究了碳酸氢铵及尿素2种氮肥在土壤中的迁移转化过程,并测定了不同时间土壤中氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮和硝酸盐氮的质量浓度变化,总结了"3氮"在包气带中的迁移转化规律。结果表明,施氮周期内褐土土柱淋滤液中,氨氮最高质量浓度为13.33mg/L,硝酸盐氮为15.25 mg/L(H-N-1土柱),土壤中氨氮吸附作用大于硝酸盐氮。建立了氮在土壤中的迁移转化模型并确定了模型参数,可以用所建模型对氮在河北平原包气带中的迁移过程进行定量预测。This paper attempts to disclose the migration and transformation regularity of nitrogen in vadose zone in Hebei plain in hoping to build up a mathematical model by tracing the migration and transformation process of ammonia bicarbonate and urea nitrogen in fluvo-aquic and cinnamon soils via the soil column leaching experiments. As is known,nitrogen circulation is believed to be a very complicated process in nature,in which the migration of the soil nitrogen involves mainly both the ammonia nitrogen and the nitrate nitrogen. In addition,the nitrogen transformation is also believed attributed to the microbial effects or the biochemical effects,including the organic nitrogen mineralization,nitrification and denitrification,the ammonium ion adsorption and release,the biological immobilization of the mineral nitrogen and some other processes. To clarify the process,we have done measurements of the concentration variations of the ammonia nitrogen,and that of the nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen via the soil column leaching experiments. At the same time,we have also analyzed the influential factors of the nitrogen transformation in different conditions and times,trying to find its migration and transformation regularities in the zone. The experiment results of ours show that in nitrogen circulation,the higher the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen,the stronger the adsorption of ammonia nitrogen than that of nitrate nitrogen in the soil. And during the entire experimental period of cinnamon,p H value tends to be kept in 7. 93-8. 42,whereas its conductivity tends to be kept in a range from 194-855 μS / cm in the soil leaching solution,with ammonia nitrogen highest mass concentration kept at 13. 33 mg / L（H-N-1） and lowest mass concentration at0. 38 mg / L（H-C-1）. At the same time,the highest nitrate nitrogen mass concentration stands at 15. 25 mg / L（H-N-1） and the minimal value stays at 0. 04 mg / L（H-N-1）,with the maximal concentration of nitrite nitrogen kept at 5. 66 mg / L（

关 键 词：环境学 氨氮 硝酸盐氮 包气带 迁移转化 河北平原 

分 类 号：X131.3[环境科学与工程—环境科学]