基于ARX模型的地震资料提频方法  

High-frequency compensation in seismic data based on system identification of ARX model

作　　者：胡瑞卿[1,2] 夏振华[1,3] 桂志先[1,2] 孙璞[2,4] 

机构地区：[1]长江大学油气资源与勘探技术教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430100 [2]长江大学地球物理与石油资源学院,湖北武汉430100 [3]长江大学电信学院.湖北荆州434023 [4]江苏煤炭地质物测队,江苏南京210000

出　　处：《物探与化探》2014年第6期1270-1274,共5页Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2013CB228605)

摘　　要：地层对地震波的吸收效应是限制地震数据分辨率的主要原因之一,其机制、估计与补偿对提高地震资料的分辨率具有重要意义。文中基于ARX模型,针对地层吸收过程进行逆向建模,将实际地面地震资料与井资料、井间地震资料分别作为模型的输入与输出,从而得到模型结构参数,建立地层吸收过程的逆向模型以进行高频信息补偿,达到地震资料的提频目的。对实际地震资料的处理结果表明,该方法可将主频提高10~15 Hz,频带拓宽8~10 Hz。在保侍原资料基本特征的同时,有效提高了地面地震资料的纵向分辨率。Absorptive attenuation has always been one of the reasons for the limited resolution of the seismic data.The mechanism of the absorption in strata, the evaluation of the attenuation quantity and the compensation of the high frequency components are essential in the seismic resolution improvement.Based on ARX model, the authors simulated the reversion of the absorption process in strata by establishing a numerical model with system identification technology.The low frequency data （the surface seismic data） and the high frequency data （the well log data or the cross-well seismic data） are respectively set as the input and the output of the model, and then the structure parameters of the model can be obtained.The model in this paper can establish an intereonnection between the conventional seismic data and the well log data,the cross-well data or the VSP data.It is shown by processing the practical data that the main frequency can be increased by 10~ 15 Hz,and the frequency band width can be expanded by 8~ 10 Hz.

关 键 词：地面地震 井间地震 系统辨识 ARX模型 高频补偿 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]