半干旱区全膜双垄沟播对马铃薯耗水规律的影响  

Effects of Double Ridges and Furrows Mulched with Plastic Film on Water Consumption Laws of Potato in Semi-arid Region

作　　者：刘晓伟[1,2] 孙万仓[1] 张绪成[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学农学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省农科院旱地农业研究所

出　　处：《长江蔬菜》2015年第4期35-39,共5页Journal of Changjiang Vegetables

基　　金：农业部行业科技项目(201203031-05)

摘　　要：为探讨半干旱区全膜双垄沟播对马铃薯耗水规律的影响,连续2 a测定了马铃薯0~300 cm处土壤水分季节变化、垂直变化、年际变化、产量及耗水量。试验结果表明,全膜双垄沟播（PM）明显改善了马铃薯开花前0~300 cm土壤的水分条件,且与裸地（CK）处理相比,产量、水分利用效率（WUE）都存在显著差异,2012年和2013年PM的产量均显著高于CK,分别提高了20.64%和32.64%,水分利用效率分别提高了27.29%和47.37%,但处理间土壤耗水量无显著差异。因此,全膜双垄沟播是通过覆盖降低棵间蒸发来调控马铃薯的耗水过程,进而提高旱地马铃薯产量和水分利用效率。In order to understand the effects of double ridges and furrows mulched with plastic film（PM） on water consumption laws of potato, we determined the seasonal dynamics, annual changes and perpendicular changes of soil water in the 0-300 cm layer from 2012 to 2013. The results showed that, PM could improve soil water storage in the0- 300 cm layer obviously before potato flowering, and potato yield and water use efficiency（WUE） of PM were significantly higher than the uncovered treatment（CK） in the two years. Compared with CK, the yield of PM increased by20.66% and 32.64%, and the WUE increased by 27.29% and 47.37% in 2012 and 2013 respectively. However, the soil water consumption had no significantly differences between PM and CK in both two experimental years. These indicated that PM regulated and controlled water consumption process of potato by decreasing soil surface evaporation, which was an efficient way to increase potato yield and water use efficiency in semi-arid region.

关 键 词：马铃薯 全膜双垄沟播 半旱地 耗水规律 产量 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]