益生菌对肠道上皮细胞保护机制的研究进展  

Mechanisms underlying protective effects of probiotics on intestinal epithelial

作　　者：杨金霞[1] 杨金彩[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院中医,中西医结合科,北京市100034 [2]中国农业大学动物医学院,北京市100193

出　　处：《世界华人消化杂志》2015年第4期577-583,共7页World Chinese Journal of Digestology

摘　　要：肠上皮细胞(intestinal epithelial cells,IECs)是机体抵御病原微生物的第一道防线,是联系宿主和肠道微生物的主要桥梁.IECs与微生物的相互作用可能会引起免疫失调,然而益生菌能通过屏障与免疫调节功能来预防肠道疾病的发生.首先,益生菌具有生物拮抗功能,可以通过争夺营养,代谢产物,以及占位效应来调节肠道内微生物菌群,抑制肠道外源性潜在致病菌的生长;其次,益生菌能够改善机体的免疫功能,IECs通过模式识别受体识别益生菌及代谢产物,调节多个信号通路,调控受体的表达,激发机体自身非特异性免疫应答,从而产生一系列的免疫保护反应.另外,益生菌能够诱导肠道上皮细胞产生大量富含黏蛋白的黏液,黏液保护肠黏膜不与病原微生物接触,阻止细菌黏附于上皮细胞,从而保护肠道的屏障.临床试验进一步证实了益生菌是潜在的感染性肠炎如克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎治疗方式.Intestinal epithelial cells（IECs）, the first line of defense against pathogens, are an initial point of contact between the host and intestinal microbes. Growing evidence suggests that the interactions between the host and intestinal microbes may lead to dysregulated immune responses, while probiotics can reinforce the barrier function and exert a modest stimulation of the immune system to prevent this situation. On one hand, probiotics exert antagonistic functions via competition for nutrients, metabolites, and occupying effect. Therefore, probiotics can regulate the endogenous gastrointestinal flora and restrain exogenous pathogenic bacteria. On the other hand, IECs recognize probiotics and their metabolites through pattern recognition receptors to stimulate the non-specific immune responses. In addition, probiotics can induce IECs to produce the mucus layer covering the entire intestinal tract and prevent attachment and invasion of various bacterial pathogens. Clinical trials have also shown beneficial effects of probiotics as a potential preventive method for inflammatory bowel disease such as Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis.

关 键 词：益生菌 肠道上皮细胞 保护机制 

分 类 号：R574[医药卫生—消化系统]