模糊嵌套多级中值滤波联合能量比法初至时间自动拾取在明业煤矿三维地震处理中的应用  

Application of Automatic Picking of First Arrival Time of Fuzzy Nesting Multilevel Median Filter Based on Combined Energy Ratio Method in 3-D Seismic Processing in Mingye Coal Mine

作　　者：孙喆 江微娜 

机构地区：[1]中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司水文物探研究所,重庆400039

出　　处：《矿业安全与环保》2015年第2期61-63,67,共4页Mining Safety & Environmental Protection

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2011ZX05040-002)

摘　　要：明业煤矿三维地震工区分为基岩裸露和黄土覆盖区,地表高差变化和近地表横向速度变化导致单炮双曲线形态畸变,临道间初至到达时间相关程度低,激发接收条件差,随机噪声影响了初至自动拾取精度。采用模糊嵌套多级中值滤波方法在压制随机噪声的同时保护了有效初至波信号,在初至波信号信噪比较高的前提下,采用滑动时窗能量比法进行初至时间的批量自动拾取。结果表明:该方法适合于信噪比低,单炮初至双曲线相关程度低的地震资料初至自动拾取,并在明业煤矿三维地震处理中成功应用。3-D seismic explored blocks of Mingye Coal Mine were divided into exposed bedrock block and loess covering block, the surface elevation difference and the transverse speed change near the surface caused the distortion of the hyperbolic shape, the low relevant degree of first arrival time near the road and the poor excitation and receiving conditions, the random noise affected the automatic first arrrival picking accuracy. In this paper, the fuzzy nesting multlevel median filter method was adopted to suppress the random noise and effectively protect the first arrival wave signals, and under the premise of the first arrival wave signal with high signal noise ratio ( SNR) , sliding time window energy ratio method was used for the batch picking of the first arrival time. The results showed that this method was suitable for the frist arrival automatic picking of the seismic data of single-shot first arrival hyperbolic in low relevant degree and with low SNR, and this method has been successfully applied in 3-D seismic processing in Mingye Mine.

关 键 词：自动拾取 中值滤波 能量比 三维地震 煤矿 

分 类 号：TD163[矿业工程—矿山地质测量]