单音节形容词做状语的制约因素  

Monosyllabic adjectives that can be used as adverbials

作　　者：刘振平[1] 

机构地区：[1]南洋理工大学国立教育学院,新加坡637616

出　　处：《河北师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2015年第2期128-133,共6页Journal of Hebei Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：从历时角度来看,一方面,从唐代出现状语结构助词"地/底"开始,状语位置对形容词的描述性要求逐渐增强,单音节形容词因描述性较弱,而不再发展其做状语的功能;另一方面,唐代以后动结式迅速发展,使得句法结构"表示动作结果的单音节形容词+动词"停止发展,逐渐演变成为一种词法现象,原有的句法组合或消失、或作为历史句法现象沉淀于现代汉语之中。从认知角度来看,依据经验主义的认知观,人们倾向于对受关注度较高、易感知的动作行为分类,还倾向于用动作行为场域中恒定出现的性状为其分类,而单音节形容词做状语在语义上多是给动作行为分类,该结构的组构需满足人类的这两种认知倾向,因条件过高故而不常见。The monosyllabic structural particles di/de are used as adverbials for the first time in Tang dynasty,whose positioning is more demanding than that of monosyllabic adjectives.This gradually becomes a grammatical phenomenon,for slowed development of the usage.It becomes syntactically combined,or simply falls grammatical.From cognitive perspective,people tend to categorize behaviors that are highly noticeable and perceivable.Semantically,the most evident function of monosyllabic adjectives is to classify the action and behavior.In other words,it is highly difficult and rare for monosyllabic adjective to satisfy the two cognitive inclinations of human beings.

关 键 词：单音节形容词 状语 描述性 动结式 经验主义的认知观 

分 类 号：H04[语言文字—语言学]