基于海上实测的金枪鱼围网下纲沉降及提升性能  

Sinking and rising performance of tuna purse seine leadline based on field measurements

作　　者：徐国强[1] 许柳雄[1,2,3,4] 周成[1] 唐浩[1] 王学昉[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海210306 [3]大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [4]远洋渔业协同创新中心,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2015年第2期171-178,共8页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目(2012AA092302)

摘　　要：研究围网网具生产作业性能,对于研究人员设计金枪鱼围网及渔业从业人员改进捕捞操作具有重要的参考作用。本研究根据大型金枪鱼围网渔船在中西太平洋作业时所搜集的网具数据,系统分析了网具在沉降及提升阶段,网具下纲各个部位的沉降深度、沉降速度及提升深度和提升速度的变化情况。结果表明：（1）网具自然沉降深度从取鱼部到后网头呈依次递增趋势,最大沉降深度则呈现中部高,两端低的趋势,绞纲对于网具沉降具有显著影响;（2）网具自然沉降速度从取鱼部到后网头呈现递减趋势,下纲各个部位平均沉降速度则较为一致,维持在0.16 m·s-1左右;（3）在提升过程中,网具两端最先被提升,中部最后被提升,且网具在水下60~80 m完成包围;（4）网具下纲各个部位提升速度先缓慢上升,后快速增加,包围完成后快速下降。Study on the purse seine operation performance can provide a reference for researchers to improve tuna purse seine design and for fishermen to improve fishing operation efficiency. Based on the data collected by large tuna purse seine operating in the Western and Central Pacific,the paper analyzed the sinking depth,sinking speed and the rising depth,rising speed of different parts of leadline at various sinking and rising stages of the net. Results showed that：（ 1） The natural sinking depth presented successively increasing trend from the bunt to the back wing end,the change trend of the maximum sinking depth was higher at the central part and lower at two wing ends,and the pursing time had a significant influence on the sinking performance of the tuna purse seine;（ 2） The natural sinking presented a decreasing trend from the bunt to the back wing end,and the average sinking speed showed no difference if maintained at 0. 16 m · s-1;（ 3） In rising process,the bunt and the back wing end of the net were first lifted,with the middle part lifted finally and the purse seine net was completely surrounded at 60-80 m water layer;（ 4） The rising speed of different parts of leadline increased slowly at first, then increased rapidly, and declined rapidly when the leadline had surrounded fish.

关 键 词：金枪鱼围网 自然沉降速度 平均沉降速度 提升速度 

分 类 号：S972.21[农业科学—捕捞与储运]