中古果假合摄考——兼谈取消中古ɑ元音构拟的假想  

Chinese about the nuclear vowel of the Guo rhyme set(果摄) and the Jia rhyme set(假摄)

作　　者：倪博洋[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学文学院,天津300071

出　　处：《古汉语研究》2015年第1期47-56,96,共10页Research in Ancient Chinese Language

摘　　要：当代音韵学者在构拟中古音时多将果摄主元音构拟为ɑ,假摄为a,但通过对汉藏语言元音格局的比较,《广韵》歌戈麻三韵的异读纠缠,果假二摄的上古来源及后代音变,以及唐诗押韵情况的考察会发现为中古音设立ɑ、a对立并不可靠。而越南汉字音、朝鲜汉字音、日译汉音、汉藏对音、梵汉对音、侗台语的中古借词层显示果假二摄在中古主元音均应为a,其分别在于r介音的有无。而其他二等a类韵构拟也该重新思考。Abstact:In the phonological reconstruction of ancient phonology, the contemporary phonological scholars often tried to reconstruct a nuclear vowel ɑ for the Guo rhyme set(果摄) and a vowel a for the Jia rhyme set(假摄). From the syllable pattern about Sino-Tibetan language phylum and the Ancient sources about the Guo rhyme set(果摄) and the Jia rhyme set(假摄), This reconstruction is implausible. The Chinese-Vietnamese(汉越语),the Chinese-Korean(汉朝语),the Kanon in Japanese(日译汉音),the Chinese-Tibetan transliteration(汉藏对音), the Sanskrit-Chinese transliteration(梵汉对音),and the loan blend of the ancient phonology in Kam-Tai languages support that, the Guo rhyme set(果摄) and the Jia rhyme set(假摄)should had a same nuclear vowel a in Middle Chinese and the difference of them was that if they have the medial-r. The other rhymes about the division-Ⅱ(二等韵) also deserve reconsideration.

关 键 词：果摄 假摄 中古音 构拟 合韵 

分 类 号：H113[语言文字—汉语]