双亲近视眼与高校新生近视眼患病率的关系  

The impact of parental myopia on myopia in freshmen of a university in Beijing

作　　者：任晓磊[1] 游启生[1] 王俊峰[2] 唐萍[3] 刘丽娟[1] 胡英[2] 冯祎[3] 吴敏[3] 徐亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院北京同仁眼科中心北京市眼科研究所,100005 [2]中国地质大学校医院(北京),100083 [3]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院验光配镜中心,100730

出　　处：《眼科》2015年第1期36-39,共4页Ophthalmology in China

摘　　要：目的分析双亲是否患有近视眼对大学新生近视眼患病率的影响。设计横断面调查。研究对象中国地质大学(北京)2013级新生1795人。方法对受试学生进行视力、眼球运动、电脑自动验光、眼前段、眼球生物测量及非散瞳眼底照相检查。并进行父母近视情况及学生学习与用眼情况问卷调查。近视的定义为等效球镜(SE)≤-0.5 D,高度近视的定义为SE≤-6.0 D,超高度近视的定义为SE≤-8.0 D。采用单因素方差分析及Logistic回归分析父母是否近视对大学新生近视患病率的影响。主要指标近视患病率、近视程度构成比及OR值。结果本组学生近视患病率为92.7%,其中≤-6.0 D和≤-8.0 D的近视患病率分别为21.9%和6.3%。双亲均近视、单亲近视、双亲均不近视的学生SE分别为(-5.23±2.93)D、(-4.43±2.50)D、(-3.41±2.30)D(P<0.001),学生的近视患病率分别是91.6%、93.9%和95.3%(P=0.089)。高度近视的学生,父亲近视、母亲近视和双亲均近视与父母均不近视相比,OR值分别为2.162(95%CI 1.617-2.892)、2.289(95%CI 1.717-3.050)和2.490(95%CI 1.714-3.618)。超高度近视的学生,父亲近视、母亲近视和双亲均近视与双亲均不近视相比,OR值分别为4.169(95%CI 2.725-6.380)、4.221(95%CI 2.763-6.450)和7.052(95%CI 4.386-11.338)。结论在高校新生中,双亲近视者更易患高度近视。双亲均无近视者,其近视程度较低。Objective To compare the prevalence of myopia in university freshmen with or without parents myopia. Design A school-based cross-sectional study. Participants 1795 freshmen of grade 2013 in China Geological University （Beijing）. Methods Comprehensive eye examinations including visual acuity, ocular motility evaluation, auto-refraction, slit lamp biomicroscopy, ocular biometry and non-mydriatic fundus photography were carried out on all participants. A questionnaire on parental myopia and students study and eye using habits were carried out. Myopia, high myopia and severe high myopia were defined as a spherical equivalent （SE） refraction of ≤ -0.5 D, ≤-6.0 D and ≤-8.0 D respectively. One-way ANOVA and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influence of parental myopia status on children＇ myopia. Main Outcome Measure The prevalence of myopia, the degree of myopia constituent ratio and OR values. Result The prevalence of myopia high myopia and severe high myopia in freshmen was 92.7%, 21.9% and 6.3% respectively. SE in those with both parental myopia, father or mother myopia and no parental myopia were -5.23±2.93D, -4.43±2.50 D, -3.41 ±2.30 D （P〈0.001 ）respectively, and the corresponding prevalence of myopia was 91.6%, 93.9% and 95.3%, respectively （P=0.089）. Compared with the group of no parental myopia, OR for high myopia was 2.162（95%CI 1.617-2.892）, 2.289（95%CI 1.717-3.050） and 2.490 （95%CI 1.714-3.618） in father myopia, mother myopia and both parental myopia respectively; and for severe high myopia, the corresponding OR was 4.169（95%CI 2.725-6.380）, 4.221（95%CI 2.763-6.450） and 7.052（95%CI 4.386-11.338） respectively. Conclusions In college freshmen, students with parental myopia were more susceptible to high myopia. In those without parental myopia, the myopic degree was lower.

关 键 词：近视眼/流行病学 大学生 

分 类 号：R778.11[医药卫生—眼科]