基于数据挖掘的注意缺陷多动障碍中医用药规律研究  

Study on medication regularity of traditional Chinese medicines in treating attention deficit hyperactivity disorder based on data mining

作　　者：倪新强[1] 韩新民[1] 尹东奇[1] 刘成全[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学第一临床医学院,江苏南京210046 [2]淮安市妇幼保健院中医科,江苏淮安223002

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2015年第6期1185-1191,共7页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81273801);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20123237110002)

摘　　要：选取公开发表文献中辨治ADHD的有效中医复方88首,建立用药数据库,采用频数分析、关联规则分析、聚类分析对药物功效、性味归经、配伍规律进行数据挖掘。结果显示,使用频率≥10%的药物有33味,前12位中药依次为石菖蒲、远志、熟地黄、龙骨、甘草、茯苓、牡蛎、龟甲、白芍、五味子、山茱萸、山药,为ADHD常用药物。使用频率前7位的药物类别依次为补虚药、安神药、平肝熄风药、清热药、收涩药、开窍药、利水渗湿药;药性以温、寒、平为主,以温为最;药味以甘、苦、辛为主,以甘为首;归经以肝、心、肾为主;关联规则分析得出常用的药对如远志→石菖蒲、牡蛎→龙骨、远志→熟地黄等。高频药物聚类分析得到8个聚类方。研究表明中医治疗ADHD用药以补虚(滋补肝肾,补益心脾)、安神为基本组方配伍,兼顾平肝(为主)、清热、理气、活血、化痰、熄风等,契合病机;多种数据挖掘技术结合能更全面和客观地反映ADHD临床用药规律。In this study,efforts were made to collect 88 traditional Chinese medicine（ TCM） prescriptions for treating ADHD from public literatures,establish a medication database and conduct data mining on the efficacy,properties,tastes,meridian entries and compatibility regularity of TCMs by using frequency analysis,association rules analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed 33 herbs with a high frequency（ ≥10%）. The top 12 frequently applied ADHD herbs were respectively Acori Tatarinowii Rhizome,Polygalae Radix,Prepared Rehmanniae Radix,Os Draconis,Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizome,Poria,Concha Ostreae,Testudinis Carapacis et Plastri,Paeoniae Alba Radix,Schisandrae Fructus Chinensis,Fructus Corni,Dioscoreae Rhizoma. The top seven types of frequently applied ADHD herbs by effect were respectively tonic herb,sedative herbs,liver-wind calming herbs,heat clearing herbs,astringent herbs,awaking herbs and damp clearing and diuresis promoting herbs. The top three properties were warm,cold and neutral,with warm as the dominance. The top three tastes were sweetness,bitterness and acridity,with sweetness as the dominance. The top three meridian entries were liver meridian,heart meridian and kidney meridian. The association rules analysis showed commonly used herbal pairs. Polygalae Radix-Acori Tatarinowii Rhizome,Concha Ostreae-Os Draconis,Prepared Rehmanniae Radix-Fructus Corni-Os Draconis. Eight highly frequent cluster prescriptions were summarized based on the cluster analysis. This study indicates that basic TCM prescriptions for treating ADHD were principally composed of tonics（ nourishing liver and kidney,invigorating heart and spleen）and tranquilization,which were supplemented with herbs for calming liver,clearing heat,promoting qi-circulation,promoting bloodcirculation,reducing phlegm and calming endogenous wind. The combination of multiple data mining techniques can reflect the clinical medication regularity of herbs for treating ADHD in an overall and objective manner.

关 键 词：注意力缺陷多动障碍 用药规律 数据挖掘 频数分析 关联规则 聚类分析 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]