轮轨磨耗状态下悬挂参数失效对车辆动力学性能影响  

Effect of wheel / rail wear and suspension system failure on vehicle dynamic performance

作　　者：吴娜[1] 曾京[1] 王忆佳[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,成都610031

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2015年第5期82-87,共6页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：铁道部科技研究开发计划(2012J009-A)

摘　　要：为了研究悬挂参数失效对车辆系统动力学性能的影响,建立高速车辆系统动力学模型和悬挂参数失效模型,针对新轮轨、磨耗后轮轨进行轮轨接触几何关系和动力学仿真计算,分析当悬挂参数正常工作和失效时,车辆动力学性能的变化。结果表明:与新轮轨相比,轮轨磨耗状态下的等效锥度、滚动圆半径差和左右轮轨接触角度差变大;轮轨磨耗造成蛇行失稳临界速度下降,运行平稳性和曲线通过能力变差;悬挂系统失效方式不同,对车辆系统动力学的性能和车体的动态响应影响程度不同;车辆的悬挂参数优化应考虑轮轨磨耗的影响。In order to study the influence of wheel/rail wear on dynamic performances of vehicle systems,the dynamic model of a high-speed vehicle system was built,the geometrical relation of wheel rail contact was analysed and the dynamic simulations of new wheel/rail,wore wheel/rail and reprofiled wheel/rail were carried out numerically. In addition,the vehicle dynamic performances under normal working condition and fault condition of the suspension system were analyzed and compared. The results indicated that the influences of different profile matchings of wheel/rail on wheel/rail wear condition,equivalent conicity,rolling radius difference and left and right wheel-rail contact angle difference are significant; due to wheel-rail wear; the instability critical speed decreases,and the riding quality and curve negotiation ability become worse; the influence of wheel-rail wear should be considered in vehicle system simulation; the geometric relationship of wheel-rail contact and dynamic performance of vehicle can be improved effectively by timely wheel reprofiling or rail grinding; the influence of wheel-rail wear should be considered in the optimization of vehicle suspension parameters when dynamic performance becomes worse under fault conditions.

关 键 词：磨耗 轮轨匹配 轮轨关系 悬挂参数失效 动力学 

分 类 号：U463.33[机械工程—车辆工程]