藏驴的血液生理学特性研究  

Blood Physiology Characteristics of Tibet Donkey

作　　者：韩旭[1] 万宝云 孔小艳[1] 李济中 刘兴勇[1] 王雪艳[1] 江炎庭[1] 杨舒黎[1] 杨建发[1] 严达伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学,云南省动物营养与饲料科学重点实验室,昆明650210 [2]易门县农牧局,易门651100 [3]迪庆州疫控中心,迪庆674400

出　　处：《经济动物学报》2015年第1期47-50,共4页Journal of Economic Animal

基　　金：国家自然基金(31160449)

摘　　要：高原动物低氧适应的基因组学研究为当前研究热点,但其生理指标均未被系统测定。藏驴是广泛分布于我国青藏高原的重要畜种,也是低氧研究的较好试验动物。本研究选择高海拔(4 000 m以上)藏驴和低海拔(2 000 m以下)云南本地驴为试验动物,测定血液常规指标和血流变学指标并作对照分析,结果发现:藏驴的血红蛋白含量(HGB)(125.81±1.52)g/L、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(MCH)(19.87±0.16)pg、平均血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)(321.01±1.02)g/L极显著高于低海拔的云南本地驴(P<0.01),具有突出的运氧能力,表现为低氧适应的红细胞相关生理表征。伴随血红蛋白浓度的增加,藏驴红细胞聚集性增加。而藏驴的血浆黏度(1.61±0.03)mPa/s却显著低于云南本地驴(1.90±0.04)mPa/s(P<0.01),血液黏滞性降低。因此,藏驴通过增加血红蛋白浓度增强运氧能力,但红细胞内血红蛋白浓度增加导致红细胞聚集能力恶化,表现为低氧不适应性,而低的血浆黏度可能抵消红细胞的不良影响,保证了血流通畅性。Plateau hypoxia adaptation of animal genomics research is the current research focus,butall of the physiological indexes are not measured by the numbers. Tibetan donkeys are the importantbreed which widely distributed in Tibetan Plateau,China,and also a good model for the hypoxiastudies. This study selected high altitude Tibetan donkeys（above 4 000 meters above sea level） andthe low altitude Yunnan local donkeys（below 2 000 meters） as material to measure the blood physi-ological index and hemorrheology index and a comparative analysis was made. The results showedthat the hemoglobin concentration（ HGB）（ 125. 81 ± 1. 52） g / L, mean corpuscular hemoglobin（MCH）（19.87±0.16） pg and average hemoglobin concentration（MCHC）（321.01±1.02） g / L ofTibetan donkeys were significantly higher than those of the local Yunnan donkeys in low altitude（P〈0.01）,suggesting that Tibetan donkeys had a prominent oxygen carrying capacity for the per-formance of related physiological red blood cell characterization of hypoxia adaptation. With the in-crease of hemoglobin concentration,the aggregation of Tibetan donkeys red cell also increased andplasma viscosity（1.61±0.03） mPa / s of Tibetan donkeys was significantly lower than those of the lo-cal Yunnan donkeys（1.90±0.04） mPa / s to reduce blood viscosity. Therefore, Tibetan donkeys en-hanced ability to transport oxygen through increased the concentration of hemoglobin oxygen. But,increased red blood cell hemoglobin concentration leaded to the deterioration of red blood cell aggre-gation capabilities for the performance of hypoxia inelasticity, low plasma viscosity might counteractthe undesirable effects of red blood cells to ensure the smooth flow of blood.

关 键 词：藏驴 血液生理 血流变 低氧适应 

分 类 号：S822.1[农业科学—畜牧学]