湿地生态系统CO_2源/汇研究综述  

Review of Researches on Source and Sink of Wetland Ecosystem CO_2

作　　者：董成仁[1] 郗敏[1] 李悦[1] 孔范龙[1] 谢秀风[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛大学化学化工与环境学院,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《地理与地理信息科学》2015年第2期109-114,共6页Geography and Geo-Information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41101080);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2011QD009);山东省高等学校科技计划项目(J12LC04);青岛市公共领域科技支撑计划资助项目(12-1-3-71-nsh);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2014DQ028)

摘　　要：湿地生态系统独特的生态特性使其在温室气体的固定和释放中发挥了重要作用,湿地生态系统CO2源/汇成为全球气候变化研究中的热点问题。该文系统总结了近年来湿地生态系统CO2源/汇特征,探讨了自然环境因子以及人类活动对湿地CO2源/汇功能的影响。研究表明,目前绝大多数湿地生态系统是大气CO2的汇,湿地CO2源/汇特征表现出明显的时空变异性。气温是气象因素中影响湿地净生态系统CO2通量(NEE)变化的一个重要甚至首要因子;土壤状况因子包括温度、pH值等均对NEE有明显影响,但影响程度不同;湿地水文对CO2源/汇的影响主要表现在干、湿季以及水位变化对NEE的影响上;植被类型及干扰程度不同,湿地CO2源/汇功能具有很大差异;人类活动尤其是将湿地开垦为农田,会使湿地变成大气CO2的源,而生态修复则使湿地作为大气CO2汇的能力得到恢复。Wetland ecosystem plays an important role in the fixation and release of greenhouse gases,and thus the researches on source and sink of wetland ecosystem CO2 become a hot issue.The characteristics of source and sink of wetland ecosystem CO2 in recent years were summarized,and the effects of natural environment factor and human activity on source and sink of wetland ecosystem CO2 were also discussed.Studies have shown that the majority of wetland ecosystem is a sink of atmospheric CO2 currently,while the net ecosystem exchange of CO2（NEE）changes with significant temporal and spatial characteristics.Temperature is a very important factor which affects NEE.Soil factors including temperature and pH also have obvious effects.Wetland hydrology influences NEE through changing water level.With different vegetation types and its interference,the characteristics of source and sink of wetland ecosystem CO2 is different.Wetland has become a source of atmospheric CO2 under human activities,the function as CO2 sink is restored after the ecological restoration.

关 键 词：湿地 CO2源/汇特征 影响因子 人类活动 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]