季节和地区对内蒙古白绒山羊瘤胃发酵特性的影响  

Seasonal and Area Effects on Rumen Fermentation Characteristics of Inner Mongolian Cashmere Goats

作　　者：王月[1] 王志新[1] 李金泉[1] 唐培荣 荆红俊 丁莹[1] 娜仁花[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]阿拉善盟阿左旗改良站,内蒙古阿拉善盟750300

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2015年第7期65-69,共5页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-40-05);公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费资助(201303059;201003019);内蒙古农业大学博士后基金(108599)

摘　　要：内蒙古白绒山羊是由蒙古山羊经过长期选育而形成的绒肉兼用型地方良种，根据产地可分为阿尔巴斯型、二狼山型和阿拉善型3个类型。为了深入研究内蒙古白绒山羊独特的瘤胃发酵特点，本试验选用阿尔巴斯型、二狼山型和阿拉善型绒山羊为试验动物，分别在夏季、冬季进行季节对内蒙古白绒山羊瘤胃发酵特性的影响研究，测定其瘤胃pH值、氨氮（NH3-N）含量及挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）浓度。结果表明：3种类型内蒙古白绒山羊瘤胃pH值夏季为6．55-7．66、冬季为7．21-7．73，氨态氮（NH3-N）浓度夏季为10．54—13．69mg／dL、冬季为4．52—9．19mg／dL，VFA浓度夏季为21．98-57．30mmol／L、冬季为15．91～25．82mmol／L；其中，阿拉善型白绒山羊乙酸、丙酸、丁酸浓度在夏季均显著高于其他类型（P〈0．05），在冬季均显著低于其他类型（P〈0．05）；阿尔巴斯型、阿拉善型白绒山羊瘤胃pH值在夏冬季间差异极显著（P〈0．01）。在夏季，瘤胃pH表现为阿尔巴斯型〉二狼山型〉阿拉善型，相互间差异显著（P〈0．05）；在冬季，瘤胃pH则表现阿拉善型〉阿尔巴斯型〉二狼山型，相互间差异显著（P〈0．05）；3种类型白绒山羊瘤胃NH3-N浓度均表现为夏季〉冬季，且差异均为极显著（P〈0．01）。Inner Mongolia cashmere goats w are selected breeding from Mongolia goats for a long time and formed indigenous breeds with the purpose of meat and wool. According to the geographical distribution, cashmere goats can be classified into three different branches including Arbas branch, Erlangshan branch, and Alashan branch. In order to study the characteristics of their adaptability, roughage-resistance, and unique rumen fermentation, we selected Arbas, Erlangshan, and Alxa cashmere goats as experimental animals and studied the effect of seasons on the characteristics of rumen fermentation, measuring the pH value of tureen, the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen （NH3-N） and volatile fatty acids （VFA）. As a result, for the three branches, the pH values of rumen were 6.55-7.66 and 7.21-7.73, the concentrations of NH3-N were 10.54-13. 69 mg/dL and 4.52-9.19 mg/dL, and the concentrations of total VFA were 21.98-57.30 mmol/L and 15.91-25.82 mmol/L respectively in summer and winter. Moreover, the concentrations of acetic acid, propionate, and butyric acid in Alashan branch were significant higher than those of others in summer but lower in winter （P〈0.05）. The pH value differed significantly （P〈0.01） in summer and winter between Arbas and Alashan. In summer, the pH value in Arbas, Erlangshan, and Alashan branch increased gradually and with significant difference （P〈0.05）, while it increased gradually in Alashan, Arbas and Erlangshan branch and with significant difference （P〈0.05）. Additionally, the concentration of NH3-N showed extremely significant between winter and summer （summer higher than winter） in all three branches.

关 键 词：瘤胃 季节 发酵特性 内蒙古白绒山羊 

分 类 号：S827.4[农业科学—畜牧学]