爱米丽性别的建构与解构——从性别操演理论视角重读《献给爱米丽的玫瑰》  

The Construction and Deconstruction of Emily's Gender Identity—Rereading A Rose for Emilyfrom the Perspective of Gender Performativity

作　　者：李婕[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽大学外语学院,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《河北北方学院学报（社会科学版）》2014年第5期42-44,48,共4页Journal of Hebei North University：Social Science Edition

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(11YJA752026);安徽大学教学项目(JYXM201270)

摘　　要：在对福克纳短篇小说代表作之一《献给爱米丽的玫瑰》的既往研究中,有女性主义批评者认为父权制是导致爱米丽人生悲剧的重要原因。在此基础上借用巴特勒的性别操演理论进一步提出,爱米丽性别的复杂表演性质从根本上揭示了社会文化机制对个体性别身份的规约以及个体在颠覆机制时所遭遇的遏制。两者形成一种合力,共同促成作品的悲剧意识。爱米丽先是在父权制的掌控下遵循"南方淑女"这一性别规范来建构自己的性别,之后在父亲去世后对性别和身份的操演解构了这一所谓本质主义的迷思。其操演的身份既是对社会文化机制的颠覆与反抗,又是对性别主体重建的诉求,是女性个体争取性别解放的必经之路。Based on the previous feminist study of Faulkner ＇s A Rose for Emily, this essay attempts to approach the work in light of Butler＇s theory of gender performativity. The paper argues that the causes of Emily＇s life tragedy can be attributed to the construction and deconstruction of her gender identity. Emily constructs her gender by following gender norm of＂Southern Belle＂, but after her father＇s death, she de- constructs the＂myth＂of female essentialism. Her performing gender reveals the resistance against gender hierarchy and reconstruction of subjectivity. Gender performance is,in essence,a necessary path for women to go through when seeking liberation although it is full of hardships during the process.

关 键 词：福克纳 《献给爱米丽的玫瑰》 性别操演 建构 解构 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]