横向撞击力对铁路桥梁及行车影响的模型实验研究  

Model test for effect of lateral collision force on railway bridge and vehicle running safety

作　　者：崔堃鹏[1] 夏禾[1] 夏超逸[1] 张楠[1] 杜宪亭[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2014年第9期48-54,共7页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51308035);国家重点基础研究计划“973”项目(2013CB036203);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2013RC016)

摘　　要：高速铁路高架桥梁很多,跨越公路的桥墩被汽车撞击所引起的振动会影响列车运行安全。利用车-轨-桥耦合动力试验平台,通过模型试验研究了横向撞击力对桥梁及桥上车辆运行安全的影响规律。试验过程中采集了撞击处撞击力时程、桥墩底部动应变、墩顶动位移、墩顶加速度时程,梁1/4,1/2,3/4处的横向动位移和加速度时程,以及车辆的三向车体加速度时程,计算得到桥墩自振频率等振动特性。分析了车桥系统有无撞击力作用时的动力响应,以及撞击力对桥梁及桥上运行车辆的影响规律。结果表明,横向撞击使桥梁的动力响应大幅度增加,并对车辆运行安全有很大的影响。最后根据撞击力时程探讨了瞬态撞击力的等效静力计算方法并验证,为工程设计提供参考。As the number of elevated bridges of high-speed railway grows,the bad effect of possible collisions between motors and bridge piers on the running safety of trains increases.A model test based on a platform of a vehicle-track-bridge coupled system was performed to analyze the effect laws of the lateral collision force on the bridge and vehicle＆#39;s running safety.The collision force＆#39;s time history,dynamic strains at the bottom of piers,dynamic displacement and acceleration time histories on the top of piers,the dynamic displacements at 1/4,1/2 and 3/4 span of the bridge beam,and the three-directional acceleration time histories of the vehicle were collected.The vibration characteristics, such as,pier natural frequencies were calculated.The results showed that the lateral collision greatly increases the dynamic responses of the bridge,it may dramatically affect the running safety of vehicles.According to the collision force time history,the methods calculating equivalent static forces were discussed and verified,they provided a reference for engineering design.

关 键 词：撞击力 铁路桥梁 加速度 位移 等效静力 模型实验 

分 类 号：TH212[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH213.3