Toward a typology of sustainability for cities  

作　　者：Ken Doust 

机构地区：[1]Windana Research Pty Ltd & Research Centre for Integrated Transport Innovation(rCITI),University of New South Wales,Sydney,Australia

出　　处：《Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition)》2014年第3期180-195,共16页交通运输工程学报（英文版）

摘　　要：Sustainability responses must accelerate to avoid major risks to cities. Climate change impact on cities, likely to be significant if global sustainability initiatives are not quickened, is a paramount example of the risk. World wide meetings of city planning practitioners and researchers agree that an urgent agenda is to work together to empower cities and their governments with funds, tools and mentoring to make the responses needed. In the spirit of this urgent agenda, this paper introduces some prac- tical methods for assessing sustainability associated with transport and urban form in our cities. A concept of strategic scans of future scenarios, which underpins the backcasting approach, has been introduced at the 12th World Conference on Transport Research（WCTR） in 2010 and has broken urban and transport planning trend. These strategic scans are based on a sustainability framework, the elements of which provide evidence based drivers of sustainability. The framework culminates in metric visualisations for each of the three pillars of sustainability. The paper details some of the operational aspects of these metrics in the form of environmental sustainability-accessibility space, putting into practice measures of environmental stewardship, social equity, economic efficiency, and the relationship among them. The paper concludes with a call of developing a typology of sustainability performance using the strategic scan methodology to extend the principles of the methodology into a useful tool for city governments and contribute to assembling a database of city forms, transport structures, and their sustainability performances.Sustainability responses must accelerate to avoid major risks to cities. Climate change impact on cities, likely to be significant if global sustainability initiatives are not quickened, is a paramount example of the risk. World wide meetings of city planning practitioners and researchers agree that an urgent agenda is to work together to empower cities and their governments with funds, tools and mentoring to make the responses needed. In the spirit of this urgent agenda, this paper introduces some prac- tical methods for assessing sustainability associated with transport and urban form in our cities. A concept of strategic scans of future scenarios, which underpins the backcasting approach, has been introduced at the 12th World Conference on Transport Research（WCTR） in 2010 and has broken urban and transport planning trend. These strategic scans are based on a sustainability framework, the elements of which provide evidence based drivers of sustainability. The framework culminates in metric visualisations for each of the three pillars of sustainability. The paper details some of the operational aspects of these metrics in the form of environmental sustainability-accessibility space, putting into practice measures of environmental stewardship, social equity, economic efficiency, and the relationship among them. The paper concludes with a call of developing a typology of sustainability performance using the strategic scan methodology to extend the principles of the methodology into a useful tool for city governments and contribute to assembling a database of city forms, transport structures, and their sustainability performances.

关 键 词：transport SUSTAINABILITY CITIES BACKCASTING climate change metrics 

分 类 号：TU984.115[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] X22[环境科学与工程—环境科学]