空气弹簧模型研究  

Study on Air Spring Model

作　　者：高红星[1] 池茂儒[1] 朱旻昊[1] 刘德刚[2] 林俊[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,成都610031 [2]南车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,青岛266111

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2015年第4期108-115,共8页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2009BAG12A01;2009BAG12A02);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划;2011CB711100);教育部创新团队(IRT1178)资助项目

摘　　要：基于空气动力学、流体力学及工程热力学等理论建立一种包括节流孔、连接管路和各个气室的空气弹簧非线性动力学模型(TPL-ASN模型)。利用SIMPACK动力学仿真软件及自行编写的空气弹簧动态特性仿真软件ASDS分别建立包含等效模型、线性模型和TPL-ASN模型的1/4车动力学仿真模型,并对某高速动车组空气弹簧进行不同激励幅值和频率下的动态特性仿真分析,将仿真计算获得的动刚度、阻尼比和传递比与试验结果对比。结果表明,等效模型和线性模型的仿真结果与试验结果差别较大,不能准确反映动刚度、阻尼比和传递比的幅变特性和频变特性,而TPL-ASN模型仿真结果与试验结果吻合度较高,能准确地反映动刚度、阻尼比和传递比的幅变特性和频变特性,表明所建立的TPL-ASN模型能够准确地模拟空气弹簧真实的非线性特性。A new non-linear dynamic model of the air spring system（TPL-ASN model） includes the sub-models of the orifices, the connecting pipes and all the chambers is established based on the theories of aerodynamics, fluid mechanics and engineering thermodynamics, etc. Three quarter-car dynamics simulation models respectively include the equivalent model, the linear model and the TPL-ASN model are set up using the dynamics simulation software SIMPACK and the self-designed air spring dynamic characteristics simulation software ASDS. The dynamic characteristics of a high-speed electric multiple unit（EMU） air spring are calculated under different excitation amplitudes and frequencies, and take the simulation results of the dynamic stiffness, the damping ratio and the transmission ratio compare with the experimental results. Results show that, the simulation results of the equivalent model and the linear model have great difference with the experimental results, the two models can not accurately reflect the amplitude characteristics and the frequency characteristics of the dynamic stiffness, the damping ratio and the transmission ratio, but the simulation results of the TPL-ASN model are in good agreement with the experimental results. All the results show that the TPL-ASN model can accurately simulate the air spring non-linear dynamic characteristics.

关 键 词：空气弹簧 非线性 模型 幅变特性 频变特性 

分 类 号：U271[机械工程—车辆工程]