N_2O_5/HNO_3硝解TAIW合成CL-20  被引量:7

Synthesis of CL-20 by Nitrolysis of TAIW with N_2O_5/HNO_3

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作  者:胡小玲[1] 吴秋洁[1,2] 钱华[1,2] 

机构地区:[1]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094 [2]国家民用爆破器材质量监督检验中心,江苏南京210094

出  处:《火炸药学报》2015年第2期35-38,共4页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基  金:国家自然科学基金(21406116);第六批南京理工大学“卓越计划‘紫金之星’”项目资助

摘  要:以2,6,8,12四乙酰基2,4,6,8,10,12-六氮杂四环[5,5,0,0^3,0^5,9]十二烷(TAlw)为原料,采用N2O5/HNO3为硝化剂硝解TAIW制备六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(CL20)。通过系统研究N2O5/HNO3硝解TAIW的加料方式、温度、料比、反应时间、稀释用水量等因素对反应收率和纯度的影响,找出了最佳反应条件:反应温度60~80℃,反应时间7h,m(TAIW):m(N2O5):V(HN03)=3g:4g:15mL,后处理时稀释用水量20mL,CL20收率为82.34%,纯度为98.29%。当以质量分数10%的CF3SO3H/树脂为催化剂时,收率提高至87.35%,纯度基本不变,且催化剂的回收率达到99.15%。该方法避免硫酸的使用,减轻了废酸污染,具有较强的工业化应用前景。2,4,6,8,10,12-Hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20)was prepared via nitrolysis of 2,6,8,12-tetraacetyl-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazatetracyclo [5,5,0,03 ,11 05 ,9 ]dodecane (TAIW)as starting material and N2 O5/HNO3 as nitrating agent.Through studying the effect of the reaction conditions such as filling type for nitrolysis of TAIW with N2 O5/ HNO3 ,temperature,the amount of HNO3 and N2 O5 ,reaction time,the amount of the diluted water on the yield and purity of CL-20,the optimal reaction conditions are determined as:reaction temperature 60-80 ℃,reaction time 7 h,the ratio of m(TAIW)∶m(N2 O5 )∶V (HNO3 )of 3 g∶4 g∶15 mL,and addition of diluted water in the post process 20 mL,at this time,the yield of CL-20 is 82.34% ,and its purity is 98.29%.When 10%CF3 SO3 H/resin is used as catalyst,the yield is up to 87.35% ,its purity remains basically unchanged and the recovery rate of catalyst reaches to 99.15%.This method can avoid the use of sulfuric acid and reduce the pollution of the waste acid with strong industrial application prospect.

关 键 词:有机化学 N2O5 六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷 绿色合成 2 6 8 12-四乙酰基-2 4 6 8 10 12六氮杂四环[5 5 0 0^3 0^5 9]十二烷 炸药 

分 类 号:TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术]

 

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