儿童颅内肿瘤221例临床病理分析  

Intracranial tumor in children: a clinicopathological analysis of 221 cases

作　　者：唐雪峰[1] 孔莹琴[1] 郭乔楠[1] 

机构地区：[1]第三军医大学新桥医院病理科,重庆400037

出　　处：《临床与实验病理学杂志》2015年第3期298-301,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology

摘　　要：目的探讨儿童颅内肿瘤的临床病理学特征。方法对221例经外科手术切除、病理确诊的儿童(18岁及其以下)颅内肿瘤进行回顾性分析,并复习相关文献。结果本组病例占同期颅内肿瘤的7.21%,男女比为1.06∶1,男性患儿稍多。3岁以下患儿较少,其余各年龄组病例数大致相当。最常见首发症状为呕吐、头昏头痛、共济失调。发病部位:幕上153例(69.23%),幕下68例(30.77%)。幕上最常见为大脑半球和鞍区,幕下为小脑和第四脑室。WHOⅠ级或良性肿瘤89例,占40.27%;恶性肿瘤132例,占59.73%,其中WHOⅣ级或其他高度恶性肿瘤61例,占27.60%。发病率位居前5位的肿瘤分别为星形细胞瘤、胚胎性肿瘤、颅咽管瘤、室管膜瘤、生殖细胞瘤。星形细胞瘤中弥漫型星形细胞瘤和毛细胞星形细胞瘤多见,高级别星形细胞瘤少见。胚胎性肿瘤中髓母细胞瘤和幕上原始神经外胚层肿瘤多见。结论儿童颅内肿瘤发病率逐年增高,病理类型多样,恶性居多,正确诊断非常重要。Purpose To analyze the clinical and pathological features of intracranial tumor in children. Methods 221 cases of in- tracranial tumors in children （ ages ≤ 18 years） were retrospectively analyzed. Results The cases of intracranial tumor in children ac- counted for 7.21% of total cases in our hospital during the same period. There is no documented gender bias. There were only 14 cases （6. 33% ） with age less than 3 years old. The supratentorial tumors were 153 cases （69. 23 % ） and infratentorial tumors were 68 cases （30.77%）. The most frequently affected sites were the cerebral hemispheme, sellar region, vermis and the fourth ventricle. There were 89 benign tumor and 132 malignant tumor in this series of cases. The most common five tumors were astrocytic tumors （30.32%）, embryonal tumors （ 19.00% ）, craniopharyngiomas （ 11.76% ）, ependymal tumors （8.14%） and germ cell tumors （5.88%）. Conclusion The morbidity of intracranial tumors in children has increased in the recent years. The histological classifica- tion of intracranial tumors in children is multiple and it is essential to make a correct diagnosis.

关 键 词：颅内肿瘤 儿童 临床病理分析 

分 类 号：R739.41[医药卫生—肿瘤]