老年人防跌倒健身体操运动干预的实验研究  

Experimental Study of the Physical Exercise Intervention on Older Adults Fall Prevention

作　　者：代俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院,上海200438

出　　处：《广州体育学院学报》2015年第2期98-101,共4页Journal of Guangzhou Sport University

基　　金：上海市教育委员会科研创新项目(人文社科类重点项目)(项目编号:12ZS148)

摘　　要：目的以核心力量训练理论为指导研制一套老年人防跌倒健身体操,并通过12周运动干预实验检验其效果。方法以56名六七十岁老年人为研究对象。实验组分别在干预前、中(第4、8周)、后进行11项体适能测试。采用2(实验前、后)×2(实验组、对照组)重复测量的方差分析进行差异比较,并采用简单效应及多重比较检验实验组不同干预阶段的锻炼效果。结果所有指标训练主效应×组间主效应的交互作用显著(P<0.01),且实验组所有的测试结果在干预后均有显著提高(P<0.01),但只有在运动干预的中期阶段是所有指标均有显著提高。结论 1)12周基于核心力量训练的健身体操运动干预能有效提高老年人的平衡能力、核心肌力等,对预防老年人跌倒具有积极作用;2)运动干预的中期对于改善老年人各项体适能具有重要意义。Purpose： The purpose of this paper was to develop one set of physical exercise based on the theory of core- strength training to prevent the older adults from falling. The study also tested the effects of this physical exercise through a 12- week intervention. Methods： The study recruited 56 aged 60- 70 older adults. The experimental group were measured on 11 fitness components before,during（ the 4th and 8th week）,and after the intervention. A 2（ pre- vs. post- experiment） × 2（ experimental- vs. control- group） repeated measure ANOVA has been conducted. The study also conducted repeated measure ANOVA for the experimental group. Results： The results showed found interactions between within group × between group and all the fitness components（ P〈 0. 01）. There were significant improvements in the post- test（ 12- week） for all the fitness components in the experimental group（ P〈 0. 01）. However,it was only between 4th and 8th week that all the fitness components had significant improvements. Conclusion： 1） the 12- week core- strength- training based physical exercise could significantly improve the older adults＇ balance and core strength muscular strength / endurance abilities. Thus,might prevent the older adults from falling. 2） The middle period of the intervention may be more important in enhancing various physical abilities for the older adults.

关 键 词：老年人 运动干预 核心力量训练 健身体操 

分 类 号：G811.4[文化科学—体育学]