繁殖期贵阳本地鸟类贸易现状  

Status of Local Bird Trade in Guiyang City during the Breeding Season

作　　者：戴传银[1] 张高燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范学院化学与生命科学学院,贵阳550018

出　　处：《四川动物》2015年第2期306-311,共6页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：贵州省自然科学基金项目([2013]2250);贵州师范学院基金项目(12BS027)

摘　　要：动物贸易是生物多样性丧失的重要原因,在物种的繁殖期进行捕捉和贸易对种群更是不利。为分析和评价贵阳本地鸟类在繁殖期间的生存现状和保护需求,于2014年3—6月调查了贵阳市油榨街花鸟市场上被交易的鸟类。共记录到114种当地鸟类,种数超过贵阳当地鸟类总数的50%,其中7种为保护物种。用于"斗鸟"的灰喉鸦雀Paradoxornis alphonsianus被交易的数量最高,画眉Garrulax canornus、红嘴相思鸟Leiothrix lutea、暗绿绣眼鸟Zosterops japonicas、红尾水鸲Rhyacornis fuliginosus和黄喉鹀Emberiza elegans等数量次之。接近80%的陆栖或半陆栖的鸟类及其雏鸟在繁殖期间都面临着很高的被捕捉风险。除了开展人工繁育,还建议开展野生鸟类的性别识别和性比研究,以减少野生雌鸟的损失和评价鸟类物种保护的优先性,同时加大宣传,将笼养鸟类者发展为支持鸟类研究和保护的重要力量。Wildlife trade is one of the driving forces for the biodiversity losses. In particular, the capture and trade of wildlife has substantial effects on population persistence during the breeding season. A bird market located at the Youzha street of Guiyang city in southwest China was selected to survey the local bird species being traded during the breeding sea- son （from March to June in 2014）. A total of 114 local birds including seven protected species were recorded, and this number was more than half of the total in Guiyang. The ashy-throated parrotbill （ Paradoxornis alphonsianus）, normally used as fighting bird, was most frequently traded, followed by hwamei （Garrulax canornus） , red-billed leiothrix （Leiothrix lutea）, Japanese white-eye （ Zosterops japonicas ）, plumbeous water redstart （ Rhyacornis fuliginosus ） and yellow-throated bunting （Emberiza elegans）. Except the water birds, the risk of being captured was much higher for both adults and juven- iles. Besides the commercial breeding, it was necessary to support the studies on the sex identification and sex-ratio of wild birds. These suggestions may be helpful for decreasing the loss of birds, especially the wild female individuals, and establis- hing the bird conservation priority. We argued that the bird-keepers could be the important forces for the bird study and con- servation.

关 键 词：繁殖期 鸟类贸易 鸟类保护 性别识别 性比研究 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]