合成副产物对t-BAMBP萃取铷铯的影响  

Solvent Extraction of Rubidium and Cesium with by-Products of t-BAMBP Synthesis

作　　者：蒋颖[1] 胡启阳[1] 李新海[1] 颜群轩 王志兴[1] 郭华军[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学冶金与环境学院,湖南长沙410083 [2]江西合纵锂业科技有限公司,江西宜春336000

出　　处：《稀有金属》2015年第4期343-349,共7页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：国家科技部重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2014CB643406)资助

摘　　要：选取t-BAMBP合成粗产品中4种副产物：苯乙烯二聚物、2,4-二叔丁基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚、2-苄基苯酚,研究了4种副产物对于t-BAMBP萃取锂云母提锂母液中铷、铯的影响。研究结果表明,添加不同含量的苯乙烯二聚体（0%~50%）,t-BAMBP萃取分配比和铷铯分离系数出现轻微的变化,可认为苯乙烯二聚体对t-BAMBP萃取容量和铷铯分离效率基本无影响;但有机相密度、粘度、分相时间均随苯乙烯二聚体含量增加而上升,不利于萃取。等摩尔法结果表明,3种取代苯酚类副产物与t-BAMBP均无协同萃取效应;单一2,4-二叔丁基苯酚和2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚的二甲苯溶液对铷铯基本没有萃取能力;2-苄基苯酚是一种有效的铷铯萃取剂,但萃取能力和铷铯选择性均低于tBAMBP。进一步考察2-苄基苯酚萃取化学,斜率法研究表明萃铯分配比与酚摩尔浓度呈指数三次方相关;红外光谱检测显示,2-苄基苯酚固体以氢键连接的多聚体存在,在实验浓度范围内（0.1~1.0 mol·L-1）,其二甲苯溶液中不存在单体,均以二聚体形式存在;由此提出了2-苄基苯酚萃取铯的萃合物结构为[Cs（ROH）5]OR。The by-products in the crude product of t-BAMBP including styrene dimer, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4- methylphenol and 2-benzylphenol were selected to study their effects on solvent extraction of rubidium and cesium in the mother liquor of lepidolite after extracting lithium. The results showed that when the mass fraction of styrene dimer changed from 0% to 50% , there was no marked change in distribution ratio and separation coefficient while the density and viscosity of the organic phase as well as the time for phase disengagement increased, which had a negative effect on solvent extraction. The three substituted phenol species showed no synergism with t-BAMBP; sole 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol or 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol in dimethylbenzene had barely any ex- traction ability, while 2-benzylphenol was an effective extractant of rubidium and cesium with slightly lower extraction ability and selec- tivity than t-BAMBP. Further study on 2-benzylphenol gave a third-power dependence of distribution coefficient on its mole concentra- tion. The infrared spectrum indicated that 2-benzylphenol existed in the form of hydrogen-bonded dimer rather than monomer in dimeth- ylbenzene within the concentration range of 0.1 ~ 1.0 mol·L-1 , while pure 2-benzylphenol formed primarily polymeric species. Thus the mierostructure of the extracted species by 2-benzylphenol should be was proposed.

关 键 词：铷 铯 溶剂萃取 t-BAMBP 副产物 

分 类 号：TF804.2[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]