秸秆覆盖对低龄茶园土壤性状和地表养分流失的影响  

Effects of Straw Mulch on Soil Properties and Nutrient Runoff Loss in Young Tea Garden

作　　者：孔樟良[1] 章明奎[2] 谢国雄 

机构地区：[1]浙江省建德市农技推广中心,浙江建德311600 [2]浙江大学环境与资源学院,浙江杭州310058 [3]浙江省杭州市植保土肥总站,浙江杭州310020

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2015年第4期24-27,共4页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41071145)资助

摘　　要：研究了在1年龄茶园中秸秆覆盖对低龄茶园土壤性状和地表养分流失的影响,结果表明:低龄茶园行间覆盖农作物秸秆可以显著提高表土活性有机质含量、土壤微生物数量和酶活性、土壤速效磷、速效钾含量,以及水稳定性团聚体含量,降低表层的土壤容重,进而增强了土壤保水作用。全覆盖处理对促进土壤活性有机碳、微生物活性和速效养分含量的增加,以及提高水稳定性团聚体形成的作用略高于半覆盖处理;但在减少养分流失及地表径流量方面,全覆盖处理与半覆盖处理间无明显的差异。因此,低龄茶园行间覆盖农作物秸秆具明显的生态效应,可有效降低水土流失,改善茶园土壤理化性质,协调茶园土壤养分供应,可以作为南方山区茶园的水保措施。The effects of straw mulch on the soil properties and nutrient runoff loss in one -year-old tea garden were studied . The results indicated that straw mulch between the rows in young tea garden could significantly increase the contents of active organic matter , available phosphorus , available potassium , and water-stable aggregates ,the quantity of microorganisms , and the activity of enzymes in surface soil , reduce the bulk density of surface soil , and thus strengthen soil water retention effect .The effects of the straw full mulch treatment on the increase in the contents of soil active organic carbon , available nutrients and water-stable aggre-gates, and the activity of microorganisms were slightly greater than those of the straw half mulch treatment , but there were no signifi-cant differences in the reduction in nutrient loss and surface runoff between the above two treatments .Therefore, covering the bare land between the rows with straw in young tea garden had obvious ecological effects , and it could effectively reduce the loss of water and soil in tea garden , improve the physicochemical properties of soil , and harmonize the nutrient supply of soil .The straw mulch can be used as a water conservation technique in the southern mountainous tea garden .

关 键 词：低龄茶园 秸秆覆盖 土壤肥力 水土流失 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]