Prefrontal cortical α_(2A)-adrenoceptors and a possible primate model of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder  

作　　者：Chao-Lin Ma Xuan Sun Fei Luo Bao-Ming Li 

机构地区：[1]Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University

出　　处：《Neuroscience Bulletin》2015年第2期227-234,共8页神经科学通报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31460263, 30990263, and 31271171);the National Basic Research Development Program (973 Program) of China (2013CB835101)

摘　　要：Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder （ADHD）, a prevalent syndrome in children worldwide, is characterized by impulsivity, inappropriate inattention, and/or hyperactivity. It seriously afflicts cognitive development in childhood, and may lead to chronic under-achievement, academic failure, problematic peer relationships, and low self-esteem. There are at least three challenges for the treatment of ADHD. First, the neurobiological bases of its symptoms are still not clear. Second, the commonly prescribed medications, most showing short-term therapeutic efficacy but with a high risk of serious side-effects, are mainly based on a dopamine mechanism. Third, more novel and efficient animal models, especially in nonhuman primates, are required to accelerate the development of new medications. In this article, we review research progress in the related fields, focusing on our previous studies showing that blockade of prefrontal cortical a2A-adrenoceptors in monkeys produces almost all the typical behavioral symptoms of ADHD.Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder （ADHD）, a prevalent syndrome in children worldwide, is characterized by impulsivity, inappropriate inattention, and/or hyperactivity. It seriously afflicts cognitive development in childhood, and may lead to chronic under-achievement, academic failure, problematic peer relationships, and low self-esteem. There are at least three challenges for the treatment of ADHD. First, the neurobiological bases of its symptoms are still not clear. Second, the commonly prescribed medications, most showing short-term therapeutic efficacy but with a high risk of serious side-effects, are mainly based on a dopamine mechanism. Third, more novel and efficient animal models, especially in nonhuman primates, are required to accelerate the development of new medications. In this article, we review research progress in the related fields, focusing on our previous studies showing that blockade of prefrontal cortical a2A-adrenoceptors in monkeys produces almost all the typical behavioral symptoms of ADHD.

关 键 词：prefrontal cortex a2A-adrenoceptors cognitive functions attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder animal models 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R-332[医药卫生—临床医学]