糯玉米waxy基因序列特征分析及分子标记开发  

Molecular Characterization of the waxy Maize Key Starch Synthesis Gene and Development of Molecular Markers

作　　者：徐春艳[1] 陈亭亭[1] 李松[1] 崔德周[1] 李鹏[1] 宁丽华[1] 李德涛[1] 王莉雯[1] 刘旭[1] 姜川[1] 马侠[1] 张华[2] 陈化榜[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农学院作物生物学国家重点实验室,泰安271018 [2]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所植物细胞与染色体工程国家重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2015年第3期531-540,共10页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：中国国家科学基金会(31071424)资助

摘　　要：淀粉是人类的主要食物来源之一,也是化学工业的重要原料。玉米淀粉包含直链淀粉和支链淀粉,其合成是一个复杂的生化过程。开展高直链淀粉及糯玉米育种研究无论从应用前景还是经济效益方面都具有很高的研究意义。本研究对3份糯玉米材料进行了waxy基因启动子和编码区的克隆与序列比对分析,以及糯玉米GBSSⅠ的纯化与分析,结果发现3个糯玉米自交系waxy基因的启动子均发生变异,但只有一处为共同的变异且位于预测的调控因子结合位点。通过纯化糯玉米胚乳淀粉体中的结合蛋白发现waxy基因的编码蛋白GBSSⅠ第155个氨基酸由Asp突变为Gly之后减弱了与淀粉的结合力度。一般鉴别糯玉米的方法的鉴别时期在收获后,而根据基因测序结果开发的分子标记能有效鉴别糯玉米与普通玉米,应用连锁分子标记可以在苗期对糯玉米进行鉴别,用于回交转育过程中大大缩短了育种年限,将自交-回交交替进行变为连续回交,加速糯玉米品种选育进程。研究结果可为阐明玉米糯质表型的形成提供理论参考,同时可根据基因序列开发的分子标记能有效且快速的鉴别糯玉米与普通玉米,为生产提供指导。Starch is the main source of human food, but also an important raw material in the chemical industry.Starch synthesis is a complex biochemical pathway, which contains amylose and amylopectin. Therefore, carrying out high-amylose and waxy corn breeding have high research value whether in application prospect or economic effect. In this study, we cloned the waxy gene promoters and coding regions of three waxy maize material.Through sequence alignment, GBSSⅠ purification and analysis, we found that three waxy maize inbred lines had variants at waxy gene promoter. However, they carried an identical mutation in the promoter regulatory factor binding site. The c DNA of waxy-A had 4 SNPs, but only the 464（A-G） substitution（in the 4thexon） lead to Asp155 to Gly155, and resulted in the looser binding of GBSSⅠ with starch. More interestingly, the common position was transcription factor binding sites（TFBS） as forecasted, thus affecting the GBSSⅠ（Granule-Bound Starch SynthaseⅠ） synthesis and expression. The results provided theoretical references for illustrating formation of maize waxy phenotype. At the same time, according to the development of molecular marker, waxy maize could be effectively and quickly identified.

关 键 词：糯玉米 WAXY 启动子 编码区 GBSSⅠ 分子标记 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]