某市自产蔬菜重金属污染调查研究  

A study on the heavy metal pollution of home-grown vegetables in a city

作　　者：胡云卿[1] 杨柳桦[1] 林滔[1] 支红峰 方新艳 陈寿江[1] 王健康 孙烨[1] 

机构地区：[1]永康市疾病预防控制中心,浙江永康321300 [2]永康市人民政府蔬菜办公室

出　　处：《浙江预防医学》2015年第4期346-350,共5页Zhejiang Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：金华市科学技术研究计划农业项目(2011-2-060)

摘　　要：目的了解某市自产蔬菜中重金属铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、铬(Cr)、镍(Ni)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、砷(As)、汞(Hg)含量及污染程度,为蔬菜种植提供依据。方法在该市甲、乙、丙、丁和戊5个蔬菜基地,分别于春、夏、秋、冬季采集248份蔬菜样品,采用原子吸收光谱法测定Pb、Cd、Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn含量,采用原子荧光光谱法测定As、Hg含量,并根据国家食品卫生标准限值进行污染评价。结果该市自产蔬菜根茎类、叶菜类和瓜果类Ni超标率分别为48.48%、9.29%和5.33%,Cd超标率分别为12.12%、0.71%和8.00%,Pb超标率为0.00%、16.43%和5.33%,其他重金属污染的超标率均在5.00%以下或无超标。全年各季节蔬菜中重金属污染程度按其检测值大小依次为秋、夏、春、冬。仅有叶菜类蔬菜中As含量与土壤中As含量呈明显正相关。结论该市自产蔬菜重金属污染以Ni、Pb和Cd的积累较为严重,应引起重视。Objective To know the contents of heavy metal（ Pb,Cd,Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn,Hg and As） in home- grown vegetables in a city for providing evidences in vegetable planting. Methods A total of 248 samples from 5 vegetable plantation bases in four seasons were collected and the contents of heavy metal were determined and analyzed. Pb,Cd,Cr,Ni,Cu and Zn were determined by AAS,Hg and As were determined by AFS. The results were evaluated according to the national food sanitation standard limits. Results The exceeding rate of Ni in home- grown vegetables of root leaf and fruit was 48. 48%,9. 29% and 5. 33% respectively,the exceeding rate of Cd was 12. 12%,0. 71% and 8. 00%,the exceeding rate of Pb was 0. 00%,16. 43% and 5. 33%. The exceeding rate of other heavy metal were all below 5% or in line with the standard. The degree of heavy metal pollution decreased with season ＇s order of autumn,summer,spring and winter. The content of As in leafy- vegetables was in significant association with the contents of AS in soil. Conclusion The heavy metal pollution of Ni,Pb and Cd in vegetables in the city is serious,and more attention should be paid to the heavy metal pollution.

关 键 词：蔬菜 重金属 污染 评价 

分 类 号：R155.54[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]