下击暴流的三维仿真和回波特征分析  

Three-dimensional Simulation and Echo Characters Analysis on Downbursts

作　　者：杜爱军[1] 魏鸣[1] 王炳赟[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学中国气象局气溶胶与云降水开放重点实验室,江苏南京210044 [2]成都信息工程学院大气科学系,四川成都610225

出　　处：《灾害学》2015年第2期186-192,234,共8页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划"九七三"项目(2013CB430102);公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201206038;GYHY201306040);灾害天气国家重点实验室开放课题(2013LASW-B16);北极阁基金(BJG201208);航空科学基金项目(201320R2001);中国气象局2014年关键技术项目(CMAGJ2014M21);水利部公益性行业科研专项(201201063);国家高技术研究发展计划"八六三"项目(2012AA091801);江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目(KYZZ_0246)

摘　　要：下击暴流产生的强风切变对飞机的飞行和起降危害严重,为避免其对飞行的危害,需充分认识下击暴流的气流结构特征。该文利用特征风场建模方法,仿真了下击暴流的三维结构。通过设置风场的特征半径、扭曲因子、风场中心位置及上限高度,仿真对称与不对称的切变风场。对仿真的三维风场沿雷达径向投影,得到下击暴流的雷达径向速度。通过分析下击暴流的三维空间结构和对应的雷达回波特征,验证了仿真风场的结构与实际观测相吻合。研究结果表明,对下击暴流的雷达回波分析,有利于飞行员对下击暴流的识别和预警,有助于保障飞行安全。Wind shear generated by downburst has a harmful to the plan＇s flight and landing.In order to avoid the harm to the flight,it is necessary to fully understand the structural characteristics of the airflow of the downburst.By using characteristics of wind farm modeling,three-dimensional structure of downburst is simulated.Based on the characteristics of wind field radius,twist factor,center position,and ceiling height setting,the different types of shear wind field are obtained,including symmetrical and asymmetrical shear wind farm.Along the radar radial projection,simulating of three-dimensional wind field can get radar radial velocity of downburst.By analyzing downburst of three-dimensional structure and the corresponding radar echo characteristics,Verified the structure of the wind field is coincide with the actual observation.The results show that by analyzing downburst radar echo,can help pilots identify and early warn to downburst,and are helpful to ensure flight safety.

关 键 词：下击暴流 风场结构 三维仿真空间结构 雷达回波特征 

分 类 号：P412.16[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]