山地滴灌下矮化密植枣树氮磷钾施肥效应模式研究  

Fertilizer Efficiency and Fertilizer Mode of N,P,K for Drarf Close Planting Chinese Jujube under Drip Irrigation in Mountainous Region

作　　者：徐福利[1] 王渭玲[2] 叶胜兰[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2015年第3期40-43,共4页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD29B04)

摘　　要：采用氮、磷、钾三因素D饱和最优设计,研究了黄土高原山地滴灌下矮化密植枣树氮、磷、钾施肥肥效与优化施肥模式。结果表明,施肥明显促进了枣树地径的增加（单施钾肥除外）,显著提高了红枣坐果率;施肥促进了新梢的生长,其中施氮和氮磷钾配施影响显著,而单施磷、单施钾影响不显著。施肥明显提高红枣产量,氮、磷、钾肥对红枣产量的影响为氮肥〉钾肥〉磷肥;氮肥与磷肥、氮肥与钾肥之间有正交互作用,磷肥与钾肥无明显交互作用。山地滴灌工程下矮化密植枣树（1 650株/hm2）目标产量为20 000~24 000kg/hm2的优化施肥方案为：N、P2O5、K2O施用量分别为271.36~374.88、128.36~217.94、124.44~228.58kg/hm2。The field experiment was conducted,using the three-factor of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer,D saturated with the optimal design,to research the fertilizer effects and establish the optimum fertilization mode for drarf close planting Chinese jujube under drip irrigation in mountainous region of Loess Plateau.The results showed that application of fertilizer increased the ground warp of jujube tree obviously except only application of K,and improved the fruit-set of jujube significantly;Application of fertilizer promoted the develop of young sprout,and the effect of application of N as well as the application of N,P,K was obvious while the effect of only applicaton of P as well as only application of K was not significant.Application of fertilizer improved the yield significantly with the effect of fertilizer on yield of N〉K〉P.There was obvious interaction of N and P as well as N and K while there was no obvious interaction of P and K.The optimum fertilization mode for jujube was that N,P2O5,K2 O were 271.36~374.88,128.36~217.94,124.44~228.58kg/hm2 respectively when the aimed yield of drarf close planting jujube was 20 000~24 000kg/hm2 under drip irrigation in mountainous region.

关 键 词：山地 灌溉施肥 红枣 产量 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]