我国水生生物的二甲苯基准阈值探讨及其在风险评估中的初步应用  

Derivation of Freshwater Aquatic Life Water Quality Criteria for Xylene and Their Preliminary Application in Risk Assessment in China

作　　者：刘婷婷[1] 郑欣[1] 闫振广[1] 刘征涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室国家环境保护化学品生态效应与风险评估重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2015年第1期130-138,共9页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07501-003-06);科技部科技基础性工作专项(2014FY120600)

摘　　要：搜集筛选了二甲苯对我国淡水生物的急、慢性毒性数据。物种涵盖了昆虫类、甲壳动物类、鱼类、两栖动物类、环节动物类、软体动物类、轮虫类和浮游植物类。数据分析表明,甲壳类生物对二甲苯最为敏感。采用美国水生生物基准技术对二甲苯水质基准进行推算,得出保护我国淡水生物的二甲苯急性基准域值为1.41 mg·L-1,慢性基准为0.57 mg·L-1。基于获得的二甲苯基准值对我国部分流域二甲苯的暴露生态风险进行初步评估,结果表明二甲苯并未对这些水体中的水生生物造成潜在风险。本研究将为二甲苯水质标准的制修订和流域水环境管理提供技术支持。Ecotoxicity data of xylene to resident freshwater organisms in China were collected and screened. The freshwater organisms covered insect, crustacean, fish, amphibian, annelids, mollusk, rotifer and phytoplankton. Analysis of the ecotoxicity data showed that crustacean species were the most sensitive to xylene. The freshwater aquatic life criteria for xylene were calculated according to the technical guidelines of the US. The acute and chronic criteria threshold values of xylene were determined at 1.41 mg· L^-1 and 0.57 mg· L^-1, respectively. These values were then adopted to perform preliminary ecological risk assessment on the exposure levels of xylene in some freshwater ecosystems in China. The results of risk assessment showed that xylene didn＇t pose potential risk to aquatic organism in these waterbodies. This study will provide valuable information for the revision of the water quality standard of xylene and management of ambient water environment.

关 键 词：水生态系统 水质基准 物种敏感度分布 生态风险评估 二甲苯 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]