两面针生物碱不同提取方法的比较  

Comparison of Extraction Technologies for Alkaloids from Zanthoxylum nitidum

作　　者：李秀霞[1] 卢红梅[2] 陆世惠[2] 

机构地区：[1]右江民族医学院附属医院妇科 [2]右江民族医学院药学院,百色533000

出　　处：《天然产物研究与开发》2015年第4期572-577,共6页Natural Product Research and Development

基　　金：广西自然科学基金(2014GXNSFBA118185)

摘　　要：复合酶预处理两面针药材后,以氯化两面针碱、总生物碱得率和干膏收率为指标,采用正交试验和动态过程优化半仿生-超声法、渗漉法和回流法提取工艺,对其提取效果进行比较。各以4倍量枸橼酸-三乙胺60%乙醇缓冲液(p H 2.0、7.5和8.3)为溶剂,依次超声(250 W)提取15、12和9 min,氯化两面针碱得率2.52‰,总生物碱得率2.15%,干膏收率16.14%。以60%乙醇(5 g/L盐酸)为溶剂,浸润10 min后以10mL/min流速渗漉16倍量溶剂,氯化两面针碱得率2.30‰,总生物碱得率2.18%,干膏收率14.86%。分别用6、5和4倍量60%乙醇(5 g/L盐酸)依次回流15、12和9 min,氯化两面针碱得率2.46‰,总生物碱得率2.36%,干膏收率15.37%。半仿生-超声法和渗漉法比回流法经济,可为工业生产提供参考依据。Zanthoxylum nitidum powder was pretreated with cellulase （1：250） and peetinase （1：250） for 30 min in 4 times volume of disodium hydrogen phasphate-citrie acid buffer （ pH 5 ） at ambient temperature （ ≥ 30 ℃ ）, and then extracted by seml-hionie （ultrasonle-wave assisted） ,percolation and reflux extraction methods. The extraction conditions were optimized by orthogonal test and in dynamic process, with extraction yields of nitidine chloride, total alkaloids and dry extract as evaluation indexes. The optimized conditions of different extraction methods were compared for their extraction performances. When the powder was extracted by ultrasonic-wave （250 W） with 4 times volume of citric acid-triethylamine buffer （ pH：2.0,7.5 and 8.3,in 60% alcohol） for 15,12 and 9 rain, the extraction yields of nitidine chloride, total alkaloids and dry extract was 2.52%o,2.15% and 16.14% ,respectively. When the powder was percolated with 16 times volume of 60% （V/V） alcohol （5 g,/L hydrochloric acid） at 10 mL/min （impregnated for 10 rain at first） ,the three indexes were 2.30‰,2.18% and 14.86%. When the powder was refluxed with 6,5 and 4 times volume of 60% （V/V） alcohol （5 g/L hydrochloric acid） for 15,12 and 9 rain, the three indexes were 2.46%o,2.36% and 15.37%. The seml-bionlc coupled with ultrasonic-wave assisted extraction and percolation extraction, are more economic than reflux extraction. This study provides reference for industrial production.

关 键 词：两面针 氯化两面针碱 总生物碱 半仿生提取 渗漉 

分 类 号：Q932[生物学—微生物学]