城乡妇女重大疾病预防保健现状比较  

Comparative Analysis of Urban-rural Women's Serious Disease Prevention and Healthcare

作　　者：张洁琼[1] 向英[1] 周开园[1] 胡永红 安改梅 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学军事预防医学系卫生勤务学教研室 [2]解放军69026部队卫生队 [3]陕西省消防总队医院

出　　处：《解放军医院管理杂志》2015年第2期142-144,147,共4页Hospital Administration Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army

基　　金：陕西省科学技术研究发展计划(2012KMR30)

摘　　要：目的 了解妇女重大疾病预防保健现状,分析影响妇女重大疾病预防保健因素,为预防妇女重大疾病、促进妇女健康提出建议。方法 选取2013年3—4月在西安某三级甲等医院住院的352名女性生殖系统癌症及乳腺癌症患者为调查对象,应答327名妇女,采用问卷调查、电话随访形式进行调查。将问卷调查结果所得数据按疾病检出途径、城乡等进行分组,并进行统计学分析。结果 327名妇女癌症住院患者仅有27.21%是健康体检途径查出疾病的。35~65岁是妇女重大疾病的高发年龄。城乡妇女的文化水平和家庭人均月收入均有显著差异,农村妇女进行妇女健康体检的比率低于城市妇女,对妇女健康体检的认知也比城市妇女差。城乡妇女参加医疗保险的比率很高,但是覆盖妇女健康体检报销的比较少。讨论与建议加强妇女重大疾病预防保健的宣传力度,提高宣传效益;强化和完善基层卫生机构职能作用,以“考评”促预防保健工作的落实;深化基本医疗保险服务改革,建立妇女重大疾病预防保健机制、完善妇女健康体检制度、调整医疗保险服务包,将保险费用适度向预防和早期治疗投入。Objective To understand the status quo of women ’s serious disease prevention and health care , analysis of factors affecting women ’s serious disease prevention and health care , and to give advice for women health promoting.Methods Selecting 352 patients with gynecological cancer and breast cancer in a first -class hospital in xi’an as investigation objects , in the form of questionnaire survey and telephone follow -up investigation.Results Only 27.21% of 327 women cancer inpatients find out the disease through healthy check -up way.The age of 35 -65 is high risk for women.The cultural level and family per capita income of urban and rural women all have significant difference, the ratio of rural women in the women’s health check -up is lower than the urban women , and the cognition of the women’s health check -up to urban women is poor.The ratio of urban and rural women to participate in health care is very high, but less coverage of women’s health check -up expenses.Conclusion To enhance the publicity on major disease prevention and health care of women , improve the efficiency of the propaganda ; To strengthen and perfect the functions of grassroots health institutions and to rely on appraisal to promote the implementation of the work of prevention health care ; We will deepen reform of the basic medical insurance service .

关 键 词：健康体检 女性生殖系统癌症 乳腺癌 医疗保险 

分 类 号：R197.32[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]