乙醚生物柴油混合燃料发动机的燃烧和排放特性  

Combustion and emission characteristics of diesel engine fueled with mixture of biodiesel and diethyl ether

作　　者：彭小红[1] 杨璐[2] 陈昊[2] 刘增强[2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西交通职业技术学院汽车工程系,陕西西安710018 [2]长安大学交通新能源开发应用与汽车节能陕西省重点实验室,陕西西安710064

出　　处：《长安大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第2期152-158,共7页Journal of Chang’an University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金青年人才项目(2014JQ7268);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2014G1221022;2013G1221018;2013G3224019)

摘　　要：为了研究添加乙醚对生物柴油性能的影响,在1台单缸柴油机上对BD100生物柴油、D2.5(乙醚体积分数为2.5%)与D5(乙醚体积分数为5%)3种燃料的燃烧与排放特性进行了对比试验研究。研究结果表明:与BD100相比,D2.5与D5的燃烧始点在1 500r/min时几乎相同,在1 800r/min时略有延迟;峰值燃烧压力及峰值燃烧放热率增加,但对应的曲轴转角完全相同;第2峰值燃烧放热率明显降低,从而减少了燃烧过程的后燃量;燃烧放热率型心对应曲轴转角靠近上止点,提高了循环定容度,有利于提高有效热效率;有效燃油消耗率明显降低且有效热效率明显提高;1 800r/min负荷特性下,碳烟排放分别平均下降了20.78%与39.59%;1 800r/min负荷特性下,CO排放分别平均降低了27.82%与47.14%;1 800r/min负荷特性下,NOx排放分别平均增加3.41%与7.73%;HC排放没有明显规律。研究结果表明添加乙醚可以改善生物柴油的燃烧和排放特征。To study the influence of diethyl ether on performances of biodiesel,this paper did combustion and emission experiments of mixture fuels with different volume ratio biodiesel and diethyl ether on a single cylinder diesel engine.Results indicate that compared with BD100,combustion of D2.5and D5 starts almost at the same time at 1 500r/min and starts a little later at 1 800r/min;peak combustion pressure and peak heat release ratio increase and corresponding crank angles are completely the same;the second peak heat release ratio obviously decreases and thus reduces the quantities of after-combustion;the corresponding crank angle of core center of heat release ratio moves toward the TDC and increases the constant volume degree,which is helpful for improving the effective thermal efficiency;effective fuel consumption clearly decreasesand the effective thermal efficiency increases;at 1 800r/min,smoke emissions respectively and averagely decrease 20.78% and 39.59%;CO emissions respectively and averagely decrease27.82% and 47.14%;NOxemissions respectively and averagely increase 3.41%and 7.73%;HC emissions show no regulations.The results prove that adding diethyl ether can improve the combustion and emission of biodiesal.

关 键 词：汽车工程 乙醚 生物柴油 燃烧压力 放热率 排放 

分 类 号：U411[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]