不同形态玉米种子分级单粒播种性能试验研究  

Single Grain Sowing Performance Experimental Study on Classification of Different Forms of Maize Seed

作　　者：孙士明[1] 那晓雁 靳晓燕[1] 张兆国[2] 张海滨[1] 李国林[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院,哈尔滨150081 [2]昆明理工大学,昆明650500

出　　处：《农机化研究》2015年第7期171-175,共5页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家现代玉米产业技术体系建设项目(Nycytx-02);农业部旱地农业装备重点实验室项目(2012-2015)

摘　　要：将不同形态玉米种子按形状和大小分为圆形大粒、圆形小粒、扁形大粒及扁形小粒4级,在台架上,用勺轮式、指夹式和气吸式3种单粒精密排种器进行播种性能试验,测试不同作业速度下各种级别玉米种子的粒距合格指数、重播指数、漏播指数及合格粒距变异系数,分析了各级别玉米种子在不同类型排种器上的播种性能特点,为不同形态玉米种子分级单粒播种作业提供参考。试验结果表明:不同形态玉米种子分级播种性能差异较大,圆形玉米种子播种性能优于扁形玉米种子,圆形小粒玉米种子播种性能优于圆形大粒玉米种子,扁形大粒玉米种子播种性能优于扁形小粒玉米种子。圆形大粒玉米种子在气吸式排种器和指夹式排种器上的播种性能较好,在勺轮式排种器上的播种性能较差;圆形小粒玉米种子在勺轮式排种器、指夹式排种器和气吸式排种器上的播种性能都很好。扁形大粒玉米种子在气吸式排种器和指夹式排种器上的播种性能很好,在勺轮式排种器上的播种性能很差;扁形小粒玉米种子在气吸式排种器和指夹式排种器上的播种性能较好,在勺轮式排种器上的播种性能较差。According to the shape and size,maize seeds of the different forms were divided into 4 levels,round big grain, round small grain, flat big grain and flat small grain , there are three kinds of single particle precision metering device , the spoon wheel ,the finger pickup,and the air suction metering device, Classification of seeding performance testing is on the bench,In different work speed , test various levels of Maize seed seed spacing qualified index, index, replay leak-age sowing index and qualified particle spacing variation coefficient, analyzes row sowing performance characteristics of each level maize seed in device of different types , provides the reference for the grading single grain sowing work with maize seed of different forms.The test results show that：the large differences of the sowing performance exist in different forms of maize seed, the sowing performance of round maize seed is better than the flat maize seed ones, the sowing per-formance of round small grain seed is better than round big ones,the sowing performance of flat big grain seed is better than the flat small ones.The seeding performance of the round big grain seed that in the air suction metering device and the finger pickup metering device is good,but not good in the spoon wheel device .The seeding performance of the round small grain seed that in the spoon wheel metering device or in the finger pickup metering device or in the air suction me-tering device is all good.The seeding performance of the flat big grain seed that in the air suction metering device and the finger pickup metering device is good,but not good in the spoon wheel device.The seeding performance of the flat small grain seed in the air suction metering device and the finger pickup metering device is good , but not good in the spoon wheel device.

关 键 词：玉米种子 分级 单粒精量排种器 播种性能 

分 类 号：S223.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S220.3[农业科学—农业工程]