玉米秸秆干式厌氧发酵乙酸产生规律及其对发酵的影响  

Effects of Acetic Acid Production on Dry Fermentation Systems with Corn Stalk

作　　者：陈斌[1,2] 杨天学[2] 耿向永 魏自民[1] 席北斗[2] 赵越[1] 李雪[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学生命科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [3]西藏自治区扎囊县扎其乡农牧站,西藏扎囊850800

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2015年第4期647-652,共6页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51178090);国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2012BAJ21B07)

摘　　要：为解决玉米秸秆干式厌氧发酵系统因乙酸积累而致发酵失败、工程运行不稳定等问题,利用气相色谱仪对玉米秸秆干式厌氧发酵过程中w（乙酸）和w（CH4）进行检测,结合相关性分析和回归分析等方法,研究了乙酸动态产生趋势、w（TS）（TS为总固体）与w（乙酸）的相关性,以及w（乙酸）对CH4产生的作用机制.结果表明：发酵过程中w（乙酸）先增后降,w（TS）由20%增至30%,w（乙酸）增加的持续时间由5 d延至15 d.Pearson相关性分析结果表明,w（TS）与w（乙酸）呈极显著负相关（R〈-0.979,P〈0.01）.一元线性回归分析得到拟合方程y=-1 214.8w（TS）＋668.2,由斜率（-1 214.8）可知,w（TS）对产乙酸过程具有较明显的抑制作用.玉米秸秆干式厌氧发酵系统内w（乙酸）为160~451 mg/g,随着w（乙酸）的增加,底物CH4产率经历上升、稳定、下降后再稳定和下降4个阶段,其中w（乙酸）为212~312 mg/g时,底物CH4产率（大于120 m3/t,以秸秆干质量计）最大,其次为w（乙酸）在〉312~410 mg/g时的80~120 m3/t.In order to solve the problems of fermentation failure and unstable operation caused by acetic acid accumulation in the dry anaerobic fermentation system, gas chromatography was used to determine the contents of acetic acid and CH4 during dry anaerobic fermentation with corn stalks. Correlations between contentes of TS, acetic acid and the dynamic tent of acetic acid production were studied by correlation analysis and regression analysis. The effect mechanism of content of acetic acid on CH4 production was also investigated. The results showed that content of acetic acid increased first and then decreased during the dry anaerobic fermentation. With content of TS increase from 20% to 30% , the duration of content of acetic acid increase extended from 5 to 15 days. Pearson correlation analysis indicates a significant negative correlation between contents of TS and acetic acid （ R 〈 - 0. 979, P 〈 0.01 ）. The equation, y = - 1 214.8w （TS） ＋ 668.2, was obtained by unitary linearity regression analysis; the equation suggested that the production of acetic acid was clearly restrained by TS. During the dry anaerobic fermentation of corn stalks, content of acetic acid system was 160-451 mg/g. With the increase of content of acetic acid, the production of CH4 （TVS） increased initially and then remained stable, then finally decreased. The maximum production was more than 120 m^3/t with the content of acetic acid ranging from 212 to 312 mg/g, while the production of CH4 achieved 80-120 m^3/t with the content of acetic acid ranging from 312 to 410 mg/g.

关 键 词：干式厌氧发酵 乙酸 CH4 作用机制 玉米秸秆 

分 类 号：X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程]