无患子皂素无水乙醇提取工艺及提纯方法比较研究  

Ethanol Extraction and Purification of Saponin from Sapindus mukurossi Gaertn

作　　者：杨鹤群 菅红磊[1] 朱莉伟[1] 孙达峰[2] 张卫明[2] 蒋建新[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学材料科学与技术学院林业生物质材料与能源教育部工程中心,北京100083 [2]南京野生植物综合利用研究院,江苏南京210042

出　　处：《中国野生植物资源》2015年第2期1-4,53,共5页Chinese Wild Plant Resources

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2012BAD36B01);大学生创新计划(X201410022049);国家林业局重点资助项目(2012-03)

摘　　要：采用无水乙醇对无患子果皮中的皂素进行提取分离。提取工艺研究表明,当固液比为1:6,在50℃,150r/min摇床中提取6 h后,无患子皂素的得率为37.5%。通过向提取液中分别加入丙酮和无水乙醚可将皂素析出分离,皂素得率分别为17.9%和32.0%。丙酮析出分离出的皂素得率较低,但疏松洁白,颗粒较细,纯度为90.5%。无水乙醚析出分离的皂素颜色微黄,颗粒较大,纯度为84.7%,得率高达85.3%,是理想的无患子皂素提纯溶剂。The saponin was extracted from Sapindus mukurossi Gaertn. using anhydrous ethanol as ex- traction solvent. The effects of temperature, solid-liquid ratio and time on extraction efficiency were in- vestigated. The results showed that the optimal conditions for the extraction of saonin were temperature of 50℃, solid-liquid ratio of 1 ： 6 and time of 6 h. At the optimal conditions, the yield of Sapindus muku- rossi saponin reached 37.5%. The isolation of saponin from the ethanol extraction was carried out by the addition of acetone or anhydrous ether, yielding 17.9% and 32.0% of sapindosides （ on the basis of the weight of pericarps）, respectively. The saponin precipitated by acetone with a purity of 90.5% were por- ous and fine-grained with white color, while the saponin obtained from anhydrous ether precipitation with a purity of 84.7% were yellowish with lager particle size. The precipitation rate of saponin from the etha- nolic extract by anhydrous ether was 85.3%, which suggested the potential of anhydrous ether for the iso- lation of saponin.

关 键 词：无患子皂素 提取 无水乙醇 提纯 丙酮 乙醚 

分 类 号：TQ423[化学工程]