水稻秸秆蒸汽爆破-酯化改性制备吸油材料  

Steam explosion and esterification modification of rice straw for oil spill absorption material

作　　者：彭丽[1] 刘昌见[1] 刘百军[1] 储胜利 栾国华 裴玉起 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)化学工程学院,北京102249 [2]中国石油安全环保技术研究院应急技术研究所,北京102249

出　　处：《化工学报》2015年第5期1854-1860,共7页CIESC Journal

摘　　要：以水稻秸秆为原料进行蒸汽爆破-酯化改性制备溢油吸附材料。未改性水稻秸秆有一定的吸油能力,其饱和吸油倍率、吸水倍率分别为5.66 g·g-1,7.59 g·g-1。通过对水稻秸秆进行蒸汽爆破-酯化改性后,发现其亲油疏水性能得到显著改善。对酯化反应的影响因素进行系统考察,得到优化的改性条件为反应温度为80℃,催化剂对甲基苯磺酸酐浓度为0.75%,反应时间为6 h。改性后水稻秸秆吸油倍率为8.54 g·g-1,吸水倍率为0.10 g·g-1。对蒸汽爆破-酯化改性前后水稻秸秆材料进行BET、XRD以及FT-IR表征,发现爆破处理后材料的孔径增大;非结晶态以及乙酰基特征峰的出现说明水稻秸秆发生酯化改性反应。A natural organic oil spill adsorption material was developed by steam explosion and esterification modification of rice straw. The oil-absorption capacity and water-absorption capacity of the raw rice straw were 5.66 g·g-1 and 7.59g·g-1, respectively. The conditions of esterification modification of rice straw were optimized. The optimal reaction temperature, catalyst concentration and reaction time were 80℃, 0.75%, 6 h, respectively. The oil-absorption capacity and water-absorption capacity of the modified rice straw were 8.54 g·g-1 and 0.10 g·g-1, respectively. Furthermore, the rice straw before and after modification were characterized by BET, XRD, FT-IR. The modified rice straw had larger pore diameter after steam explosion, appearance of non-crystallizing state and acetyl group of characteristic peak after esterification, which proved the feasibility of esterification modification of rice straw.

关 键 词：水稻秸秆 蒸汽爆破 酯化改性 溢油 吸附剂 

分 类 号：TQ26[化学工程—有机化工]