洗涤浴中污物对织物白度与亮度影响的研究  

Study on Effect of Dirt Existing in Washing Bath on the Whiteness and Lightness of Fabrics

作　　者：林洁丽[1] 赵柳玉 李永强[1,2] 葛华云[1,2] 刘今强[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学材料与纺织学院,杭州310018 [2]浙江理工大学生态染整技术教育部工程研究中心,杭州310018

出　　处：《浙江理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第2期149-155,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金："生态染整及污染控制"浙江省重点科技创新团队(2010R50038)

摘　　要：为考察洗涤过程中污渍对洗涤后织物白度和亮度的影响,选取衣物服用过程中常见的污物(染料、菜油酱油混合物、废机油、黄泥、红茶水)对6种成分与规格均不同的织物进行洗涤浴中的沾污试验,研究各污物对不同织物的沾污特性及对洗涤效果的影响。结果表明:洗涤浴中污物的存在会使织物亮度值下降,而大部分污物也会使织物洗涤后的白度值下降,但带蓝光的染料会有上蓝增白的效果,白度值反而增大;污物存在下织物洗涤后的白度值变化与亮度值变化并不一致,评价污物的沾污性能时亮度值的指示性优于白度值;活性染料对各种织物白度与亮度的影响不大,而直接染料、分散染料、废机油、黄泥和红茶水对各种织物白度与亮度的影响较大;红茶水对织物亲水性改善明显,废机油和酱油菜油混合物在织物上的沾污则导致织物亲水性下降。To investigate the effect of dirt on whiteness and lightness of fabrics after washing,this paper selected common dirt(dyes,mixture of rapeseed-oil and sauce,waste engine-oil,yellow clay and black tea)to do an experiment for 6fabrics with different ingredients and specifications to study effects of dirt on contamination characteristics and washing effect of different fabrics.The results show that,the dirt will make lightness values of fabrics decline;most dirt will make the whiteness value drop,too.However,some dyes with blue light will make the fabrics become blue and enhance the whiteness,so the whiteness value increases.With the dirt,the changes in whiteness value are not consistent with changes in lightness value after washing.During evaluating contamination performance of the dirt,indicative nature of lightness is superior to that of whiteness value.Reactive dye affects little the whiteness and lightness of all fabrics,while the direct dye,disperse dye,waste engine-oil,yellow clay and black tea affect them a lot.Black tea can greatly improve the hydrophilicity of the fabrics.The waste engine-oil and the mixture of rapeseed-oil and sauce can pollute the fabric and cause a failing result of the hydrophilicity.

关 键 词：织物 洗涤 污物 白度 亮度 

分 类 号：TS973.1[轻工技术与工程]